The largetooth sawfish Pristis pristis (Linnaeus, 1758) is a highly threatened euryhaline elasmobranch that in recent times has undergone a significant range contraction. It now only remains in a few areas, with northern Australia being the main stronghold. Previous work using a single mitochondrial gene approach suggested the existence of regional barriers to gene flow in northern Australia. I...

I examined the geographic distribution of genetic variation in the livebearing freshwater fish Brachyrhaphis rhabdophora in northwestern Costa Rica as revealed by allozymes and mitochondrial DNA sequences. Allelic variability at 11 enzyme-coding loci surveyed across 12 localities revealed marked genetic differentiation among populations within drainages ( P=0.36) and among drainages within regi...

Thirty-four species of molluscs have been found in the drainage systems of the United States Military Academy at West Point, NY. A few rare species were found as well as a single specimen of a presumed new gastropod taxon. Only two species of unionids, Pyganodon cataracta and Elliptio complanata, were found within the drainages. The largest drainage system, Popolopen Brook, contained the highes...

Meltwater delivered to the bed of the Greenland Ice Sheet is a driver of variable ice-motion through changes in effective pressure and enhanced basal lubrication. Ice surface velocities have been shown to respond rapidly both to meltwater production at the surface and to drainage of supraglacial lakes, suggesting efficient transfer of meltwater from the supraglacial to subglacial hydrological s...

A taxonomic review of Copella is presented based on the analysis of the type material of all nominal species and extensive material from South American drainages. Six out of ten nominal species are recognized as valid: Copella arnoldi, C. callolepis, C. compta, C. eigenmanni, C. nattereri, and C. vilmae. Copella carsevennensis is a junior synonym of C. arnoldi, C. nigrofasciata and 'Nannostomus...

Host-associated genetic markers that allow for fecal source identification have been used extensively as a diagnostic tool to determine fecal sources within watersheds, but have not been used in routine monitoring to prioritize remediation actions among watersheds. Here, we present a regional assessment of human marker prevalence among drainages that discharge to the U.S. southern California co...

BACKGROUND We observed an increased rate of pulmonary complications (hypoxemia, pulmonary edema, re-intubation) in some patients after posterior spinal fusion, though standardized intraoperative volume regimens for major surgery were used. Therefore, we focused on the effects of two different standardized fluid regimens (liberal vs. conventional) as well as on two different types of postoperati...

Understanding food-web ecology is valuable to conservation by linking interactions of multiple species together and illustrating the functionality of trophic exchange. Alosa alabamae (Alabama Shad), an anadromous species, reproduces in northern Gulf of Mexico drainages from February through May, and for this study, the Pascagoula and Apalachicola rivers were chosen to sample juvenile Alabama Sh...

Fundulus lima inhabits river drainage systems and is threatened after the introduction of cichlids in the area. To support conservation programs, the spatial and temporal variation of the diet composition of this endangered killifish, was determined in two oasis systems of Baja California Sur, Mexico (San Ignacio and La Purisima river drainages), during rainy and dry seasons. F. lima was captur...

Heavy herbivory by ungulates can substantially alter habitat, but the indirect consequences of habitat modification for animal assemblages that rely on that habitat are not well studied. This is a particularly important topic given that climate change can alter plant-herbivore interactions. We explored short-term responses of small mammal communities to recent exclusion of Rocky Mountain elk (C...