This contribution is dedicated to dilucidating the role of the Gibbs entropy in the discussion of the emergence of irreversibility in the macroscopic world from the microscopic level. By using an extension of the Onsager theory to the phase space we obtain a generalization of the Liouville equation describing the evolution of the distribution vector in the form of a master equation. This formal...

An explanation of the mechanism of irreversible dynamics was offered. The explanation was obtained within the framework of laws of classical mechanics by the expansion of Hamilton formalism. Such expansion consisted in adaptation of it to describe of the nonpotential interaction of a systems. The procedure of splitting of a system into equilibrium subsystems, presentation of subsystem’s energy ...

The search of a physical explanation for the evolution towards equilibrium of quantum systems has a great interest for quantum statistical mechanics. For many years a great number of papers were devoted to this problem. The microscopic explanation of the approach to equilibrium was related to the so called ’intrinsic irreversibility’ of quantum systems. B.Misra, I.Prigogine, M.Courbage [1] [2] ...

Advanced exergoeconomic analysis is applied on process configurations for co-production of LNG and NGL. This analysis provides information on the origin of the irreversibility as well as the irreversibility value of the process. The exergy destruction, exergy destruction cost, and also investment cost, are divided into two available/unavailable and endogenous/exogenous parts. The results of adv...

Irreversibility of spontaneous macroscopic dynamics and its asymmetry with respect to the sign reversal of the variable t is usually interpreted as a genuine property of complex isolated systems. Discussion of the kinetics involved in Joule's experiment concerning spontaneous expansion of a gas shows that the isolation hypothesis results from ambiguous definitions of a number of keywords. Where...

The low-field susceptibility along the easy axis of the spin glass Fe2Ti05 exhibits a sharp cusp at Tg = 48 K, whereas the susceptibility in transverse directions exhibits a broad maximum around 6 K. In all directions irreversibility appears already. below Tz. Transverse irreversibility, however, is weaker by an order of magnitude than the longitudinal one. This behavior is discussed in terms o...

We use strong sub-additivity of entanglement entropy, Lorentz invariance, and the Markov property of the vacuum state of a conformal field theory to give a new proof of the irreversibility of the renormalization group in d = 4 space-time dimensions – the a-theorem. This extends the proofs of the c and F theorems in dimensions d = 2 and d = 3 based on vacuum entanglement entropy, and gives a uni...

Two distinct conceptions for the relation between reversible, time-reversal invariant laws of nature and the irreversible behavior of physical systems are outlined. The standard, extrinsic concept of irreversibility is based on the notion of an open system interacting with its environment. An alternative, intrinsic concept of irreversibility does not explicitly refer to any environment at all. ...

Simulation of the magnetic relaxation in a model of hard superconductor reveals a new time scale below the irreversibility temperature. The relaxation in this new time scale, which appears in an intermediate time window, is a power law and is related to self organization of the magnetic flux around the critical current density Jc during the relaxation. Emergence of a new time scale which along ...

The von Neumann cellular automaton appears in many different settings in Operations Research varying from applications in Formal Languages to Biology. One of the major questions related to it is to find a general condition for irreversibility of a class of two-dimensional cellular automata on square grids ( +-automata). This question is partially answered here with the proposal of a sufficient ...