Chrysophyllum cainito L., a traditional herbal medicine, could have the potential for management of hypertension due to presence of polyphenolic compounds. The extracts and fractions of the pulp of plant were evaluated for in vitro (inhibition of angiotensin I converting enzyme/ACE assay), ex vivo (isolated aorta relaxation assay) and in vivo (salt induced hypertensive rat assay). The alcoholic...

Objective(s) This study aimed to investigate and to compare the effects of nifedipine and amlodipine, dihydropyridine (DHP) calcium channel blockers (CCBs) on perfusion pressure of isolated perfused rat kidney. Materials and Methods Following the establishment of renal perfusion with a constant baseline pressure of 85-95 mmHg, the renal vasculature was constricted by phenylephrine (PE) injec...

The vasodilator effect of adenosine on the contraction induced by phenylephrine, an ar adrenergic receptor agonist, was investigated in the isolated rat aorta. We found that the effect of adenosine was greater in intact aortas than in endothelium-denuded preparations. Denuding caused a parallel shift of the dose-response curve of adenosine to the right by a factor of five in comparison with int...

The vasodilator effect of adenosine on the contraction induced by phenylephrine, an alpha 1-adrenergic receptor agonist, was investigated in the isolated rat aorta. We found that the effect of adenosine was greater in intact aortas than in endothelium-denuded preparations. Denuding caused a parallel shift of the dose-response curve of adenosine to the right by a factor of five in comparison wit...

RATIONALE Although an age-related decrease in NO bioavailability contributes to vascular stiffness, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. We hypothesize that NO constrains the activity of the matrix crosslinking enzyme tissue transglutaminase (TG2) via S-nitrosylation in young vessels, a process that is reversed in aging. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine whether ...

Arterial bypass graft implantation remains the primary therapy for patients with advanced cardiovascular disease, but most lack adequate saphenous vein or other conduits for bypass procedures and would benefit from a bioartificial conduit. This study aimed to produce human endothelial cells (hECs) in large scale, free from xenogeneic antigens, to develop a small diameter, compatible vessel for ...

The mechanism of spontaneous contraction of vascular smooth muscles in the elastic artery was studied in a ring-shaped preparation isolated from the rat aorta. The observation of small changes in vascular tension with a high gain AC amplification of tension signal provided a reliable detection of spontaneous contractions. The spontaneous rhythmic contraction (RC) occurred consistently in the pr...

While growth of blood vessels is important in hypertension, relatively little is known about the contribution of catecholamines. Using isolated rat aorta and cultured smooth muscle cells, we examined adrenergic stimulation of gene expression. Phenylephrine, a selective alpha 1 adrenergic receptor agonist, caused a rapid and transient increase in c-fos mRNA accumulation which was inhibited by pr...

BACKGROUND To evaluate the effect of supraphysiological levels of angiotensin II and selective angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1-receptor) blockade on neointimal formation and systemic endothelial function after stent implantation in the rat abdominal aorta. METHODS Male Wistar rats were randomized to one of three groups; control (n=8), angiotensin II infusion (n=9, 200 ng/kg/min), or cande...

Protein kinase C (PKC) is a promoter enzyme that plays vital role in signal transduction of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). It has numerous functions, such as cell growth, cytokine activation and angiogenesis. But, these mechanisms are deteriorating diabetes mellitus. Angiotensin II (Ang II) effects on structure binding Ang type-1 type-2 receptors (ATR1 ATR2) stimulates PKC mostly through...