Recent studies on Cu interconnects have shown that interface diffusion between Cu and the cap layer dominates mass transport for electromigration. The kinetics of mass transport by interface diffusion strongly depends on the material and processing of the cap layer. In this series of two papers, we report in Part I the interface and grain-boundary mass transport measured from isothermal stress ...

The present article serves the purpose of pursuing Geometrization of heat flow on volumetrically isothermal manifold by means of RF approach. In this article, we have analyzed the evolution of heat equation in a 3-dimensional smooth isothermal manifold bearing characteristics of Riemannian manifold and fundamental properties of thermodynamic systems. By making use of the notions of various curva...

In Part I we reported experimental results obtained from isothermal stress relaxation tests of electroplated Cu thin films with and without a passivation layer and deduced grain-boundary and interface diffusivities based on a kinetic model. Here in Part II we describe the detail of the model, which is based on coupling of grain-boundary diffusion with surface diffusion for unpassivated films an...

a comparison was made between the experimental non-isothermal a vs. t curves and those calculated on the basis of a previous isothermal study. It was observed that for low heating rates, when the "thermal lag" is negligible, the dynamic measurements are in good agreement with the isothermal ones. Furthermore, for process (I), two mathematical methods proposed for the interpretation of the non-i...

Macromolecules is published by the American Chemical Society. 1155 Sixteenth Street N.W., Washington, DC 20036 Communication to the Editor Direct Observation and Modeling of Transient Nucleation in Isothermal Thickening of Polymer Lamellar Crystal Monolayers Yi-Xin Liu, Jian-Feng Li, Dun-Shen Zhu, Er-Qiang Chen, and Hong-Dong Zhang Macromolecules, 2009, 42 (8), 2886-2890• DOI: 10.1021/ma802806q...

A kinetic study of the transformation of HGdP2O7.1.5H2O into HGdP2O7.0.5H2O has been achieved by means of isothermal thermogravimetry experiments under controlled water vapour pressure. This pressure was found to have an accelerating effect upon the rate of reaction. The kinetic curves giving the extent of reaction versus time can be described using a Mampel's model. Via this modeling, values o...

In this paper we develop a simple model for the steady state of two-dimensional self-gravitating incompressible gas which is based on the hydrodynamic equations for stratified fluid. These equations are then reduced to a system of two equations for the mass density and the gravitational field. Analytical analysis and numerical solutions of these equations under different modeling assumptions ͑wi...