The aim of our study was to investigate the presence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in small mammals and ticks using polymerase chain reaction and to gain information about the prevalence and possible coexistence of these pathogens at a selected site in Hungary. Two hundred seventy-seven small mammals were trapped in South-Eastern Hungary during 2009. Ti...

Anaplasma phagocytophilum (A. phagocytophilum) is the aetiological agent of tick-borne fever in cattle and sheep, granulocytic anaplasmosis human dogs. Livestock, companion animal infections with A. have been reported globally. Across England Wales, two isolates (called ecotypes) ticks. This study examined present livestock wildlife Great Britain (GB), a particular focus on cattle. Clinical sub...

PCR screening of ticks and tissue samples collected from 151 Teira dugesii lizards seems to indicate a potential role of this lizard species in the maintenance and transmission cycle of some Ixodes ricinus tick-borne agents, such as Rickettsia monacensis, Rickettsia helvetica, and Borrelia lusitaniae, that are circulating on Madeira Island.

We report in vitro culture of zoonotic Babesia sp. EU1 from blood samples of roe deer in France. This study provides evidence of transovarial and transstadial transmission of the parasite within Ixodes ricinus, which suggests that this tick could be a vector and reservoir of EU1.

We describe the isolation and characterization of Rickettsia monacensis sp. nov. (type strain, IrR/Munich(T)) from an Ixodes ricinus tick collected in a city park, the English Garden in Munich, Germany. Rickettsiae were propagated in vitro with Ixodes scapularis cell line ISE6. BLAST analysis of the 16S rRNA, the citrate synthase, and the partial 190-kDa rickettsial outer membrane protein A (rO...

We report here the complete genome sequence (GenBank accession no. KX268728) of tick-borne encephalitis strain HB171/11, isolated from an Ixodes ricinus tick from a natural focus where human neurological disease is rare. The strain shows unique characteristics in neuroinvasiveness and neurovirulence.

During spring and autumn 2001, we screened 13,260 migrating birds at Ottenby Bird Observatory, Sweden, and found 3.4% were infested with ticks. Four birds, each a different passerine species, carried tickborne encephalitis virus (TBEV)-infected ticks (Ixodes ricinus). Migrating birds may play a role in the geographic dispersal of TBEV-infected ticks.

The 15-kDa Ixodes scapularis salivary gland protein Salp15 protects Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto from antibody-mediated killing and facilitates infection of the mammalian host. In addition, Salp 15 has been shown to inhibit T-cell activation. We determined whether Ixodes ricinus, the major vector for Lyme borreliosis in Western Europe, also express salp15-related genes. We show that engor...

A total of 1,523 adult Ixodes ricinus ticks were collected from regions where bovine ehrlichiosis is endemic and were examined for Ehrlichia phagocytophila via PCR. Of the ticks from cattle with ehrlichiosis, the ticks from healthy cattle, and the free-living ticks, 26.5% (18 of 68), 4.4% (35 of 802), and 0.8% (5 of 653), respectively, were positive.

Live Ixodes ricinus ticks attached to humans residing in Germany were examined for borreliae by dark-field microscopy and PCR. Borrelia species were identified by 16S rRNA sequence analysis, which showed the presence of several species, some not yet defined, and a high prevalence of multiply infected ticks.