This paper presents the results of a comparative text analysis of English anaphoric pronouns & their Japanese counterparts. It first demonstrates that although anaphoric pronouns in English are often compared to zero pronominals in Japanese, not all, but only some, of the English anaphoric pronouns have their counterparts in zero pronominals in the same context in Japanese, and then argues that...

Recent poststructuralist theories of identity posit identities as being discursively constructed in interactions with society, institutions, and individuals. This study used a Linguistic Ethnographic framework to investigate the discursive identity construction of two English teachers, one ‘non-native’ English speaker, and one ‘native’ English speaker, teaching English in a tertiary institution...

This paper examines two topics in Japanese medical ethics: non-disclosure of medical information by Japanese physicians, and the history of human rights abuses by Japanese physicians during World War II. These contrasting issues show how culture shapes our view of ethically appropriate behavior in medicine. An understanding of cultural context reveals that certain practices, such as withholding...

We present a simple joint inference of deep case analysis and zero subject generation for the pre-ordering in Japanese-toEnglish machine translation. The detection of subjects and objects from Japanese sentences is more difficult than that from English, while it is the key process to generate correct English word orders. In addition, subjects are often omitted in Japanese when they are inferabl...

One problem with phrase-based statistical machine translation is the problem of longdistance reordering when translating between languages with different word orders, such as Japanese-English. In this paper, we propose a method of imposing reordering constraints using document-level context. As the documentlevel context, we use noun phrases which significantly occur in context documents contain...

The impetus for this forum was the recent publication in Japan of the volume Genjitsu Hihan no Jinruigaku (Anthropology as critique of reality) edited by Professor Naoki Kasuga. In the Japanese context, this volume represents the emergent interest in what has come to be called the “the ontological turn” in Euro-American anthropology. This forum offers a depiction of the anthropological genealog...

The Japanese language has rather simple morphology and semanticsoriented syntax. It is also heavily context dependent in the sense that many constituents can be omitted. Thus we need to formalize Japanese grammar to take morphology, syntax, semantics and pragmatic factors into account. Based on CUProlog which is a constraint logic programming language, we have developed a grammar formalism for ...