This paper analyses the optimal design of collective credit agreements with joint responsibility. First, we demonstrate that these agreements can potentially induce peer monitoring, reduce the incidence of strategic default, and enhance the lender’s ability to elicit debt repayments. The resulting benefits in terms of extended credit should, however, be weighted against the higher monitoring ef...

Purpose Joint cartilage degradation is one of the early outcomes in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). One of the primary goals of rheumatic treatment is to prevent joint destruction. We therefore need sensitive methods to evaluate cartilage thickness. Ultrasonography (US) has shown to be a reliable tool in the assessment of joint cartilage in rheumatic disease. We have previously been able t...

EVERY DAY IN hospitals nationwide, patients undergo surgery and receive large amounts of opioids for unrelieved postoperative pain, subsequently experiencing life-threatening opioid-induced respiratory depression. Based on the Joint Commission 2004 to 2011 database of reported opioidrelated sentinel events, 47% of reported events were the result of a wrong dose, 29% from improper monitoring, an...

Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of a single-centre paediatric JIA cohort. This included a review of the patient case notes, radiology and drug monitoring data of all children with JIA diagnosed with multi-joint (5 or more joint) disease in the 2 years since ACR-JIA were published.In total, 35 patients fulfilled ILAR criteria for the diagnosis of JIA since 2011: systemic arthritis ...

The regional evaluation of monitoring stations for water resources can be of great importance due to its role in finding appropriate locations for stations, the maximum gathering of useful information and preventing the accumulation of unnecessary information and ultimately reducing the cost of data collection. Based on the theory of discrete entropy, this study analyzes the density of rain gag...

Energy-efficient designs play an important role in the Internet of Things (IoT) that monitors multiple phenomena, due to limited power supply and complicated observation. In this paper, taking into account consumptions observation, coding, communication, we propose a joint sparse observation coding scheme for energy-efficient monitoring phenomena using IoT. Through analysis outage performance, ...