For a noisy quantum channel, a quantum error correcting code exists if and only if the joint higher rank numerical ranges associated with the error operators of the channel is non-empty. In this paper, geometric properties of the joint higher rank numerical ranges are obtained and their implications to quantum computing are discussed. It is shown that if the dimension of the underlying Hilbert ...

In this paper, the notion of rank−k numerical range of rectangular complex matrix polynomials are introduced. Some algebraic and geometrical properties are investigated. Moreover, for > 0, the notion of Birkhoff-James approximate orthogonality sets for −higher rank numerical ranges of rectangular matrix polynomials is also introduced and studied. The proposed definitions yield a natural general...

For any n×n matrix A , we use the joint higher rank numerical range, Λk(A, . . . ,Am) , to define the higher rank numerical hull of A . We characterize the higher rank numerical hulls of Hermitian matrices. Also, the higher rank numerical hulls of unitary matrices are studied. Mathematics subject classification (2010): 15A60,81P68.

The higher rank numerical range is useful for constructing quantum error correction code for a noisy quantum channel. It is known that if a normal matrix A ∈ Mn has eigenvalues a1, . . . , an, then its rank-k numerical range Λk(A) is the intersection of convex polygons with vertices aj1 , . . . , ajn−k+1 , where 1 ≤ j1 < · · · < jn−k+1 ≤ n. In this paper, it is shown that the higher rank numeri...

The higher rank numerical range is closely connected to the construction of quantum error correction code for a noisy quantum channel. It is known that if a normal matrix A ∈ Mn has eigenvalues a1, . . . , an, then its higher rank numerical range Λk(A) is the intersection of convex polygons with vertices aj1 , . . . , ajn−k+1 , where 1 ≤ j1 < · · · < jn−k+1 ≤ n. In this paper, it is shown that ...

We show that a bounded linear operator A ∈ B(H) is a multiple of a unitary operator if and only if AZ and ZA always have the same numerical radius or the same numerical range for all (rank one) Z ∈ B(H). More generally, for any bounded linear operators A,B ∈ B(H), we show that AZ and ZB always have the same numerical radius (resp., the same numerical range) for all (rank one) Z ∈ B(H) if and on...

The classical numerical range of a quadratic operator is an elliptical disk. This result is extended to different kinds of generalized numerical ranges. In particular, it is shown that for a given quadratic operator, the rank-k numerical range, the essential numerical range, and the q-numerical range are elliptical disks; the c-numerical range is a sum of elliptical disks, and the Davis-Wieland...

 Let $P(lambda)$ be an $n$-square complex matrix polynomial, and $1 leq k leq n$ be a positive integer. In this paper, some algebraic and geometrical properties of the $k$-numerical range of $P(lambda)$ are investigated. In particular, the relationship between the $k$-numerical range of $P(lambda)$ and the $k$-numerical range of its companion linearization is stated. Moreover, the $k$-numerical...

let $p(lambda)$ be an $n$-square complex matrix polynomial, and $1 leq k leq n$ be a positive integer. in this paper, some algebraic and geometrical properties of the $k$-numerical range of $p(lambda)$ are investigated. in particular, the relationship between the $k$-numerical range of $p(lambda)$ and the $k$-numerical range of its companion linearization is stated. moreover, the $k$-numerical ...