Morphological brain changes as a consequence of new learning have been widely established. Learning a second language (L2) is one such experience that can lead to rapid structural neural changes. However, still relatively little is known about how levels of proficiency in the L2 and the age at which the L2 is learned influence brain neuroplasticity. The goal of this study is to provide novel ev...

The acquisition of word classes and their distinctions has long attracted researchers of language, and Ruth Berman’s contribution to this topic has played an important role in first language acquisition literature (Berman 1985, 1986, and particularly 1988).1 This paper examines the knowledge of word classes under incomplete acquisition, a previously uninvestigated area of inquiry. Incomplete ac...

the present study investigated any probable relationship between theidentity processing styles and l2 literacy of advanced persian efl learners. theparticipants included 160 (female = 109, male = 51) advanced efl iranian learners.the instruments used included a simulation of the toefl ibt test, measuring theparticipants’ l2 literacy-related proficiency, reading, and writing, and the identitysty...

A computational framework for quantitative studies of sound acquisition in a second language is presented. The framework supports the exploration of issues such as the effect of the amount and type of exposure to L2 categories, interactions between L1 and L2 sound systems as well as L1 attrition. The model is illustrated by simulating a Chinese listener’s responses to English vowel-consonant-vo...

some scholars have argued that there is a negative correlation between the onset age of l2 acquisition and performance on different measures of l2 knowledge. a kind of biological scheduling is assumed to be responsible for this maturational constraint on language development. the present study asks whether and to what extent critical period effects can be found for universal properties of langu...

This study examined whether late-learning English-German L2 learners and late-learning German-English L2 learners use prosodic cues to disambiguate temporarily ambiguous L1 and L2 sentences during speech production. Experiments 1a and 1b showed that English-German L2 learners and German-English L2 learners used a pitch rise and pitch accent to disambiguate prepositional phrase-attachment senten...

this study set out to investigate the distribution of the syntactic properties associatedwith the prodrop parameter by persian-speaking l2 learners of english in an attemptto examine the (un)attainability of native-like knowledge and (in)accessibility of ugin adult sla. to do so, 92 participants were assigned into different levels of l2knowledge based on their performances on the oxford placeme...

Aims and objectives/purpose/research question: This research probes for language effects on witness memory in bilingual speakers whose languages are typologically distinct, English Spanish. The key question is whether speakers’ agentive motion events influenced by first (L1) or second (L2) patterns, both, when the L2 used descriptions. Design/methodology/approach: Four groups were tested an eve...

A Qualitative Evaluation of the Impact Online Visually-Based L2 Acquisition on College Students’ Risk-Taking, Motivation, and Anxiety

The purpose of the present study was to identify any significant relationship between critical thinking ability, L2 vocabulary knowledge, and L2 vocabulary learning strategies of Iranian EFL learners. To this aim, the productive vocabulary levels test was administered to measure the learner’s L2 vocabulary knowledge and observe homogeneity in terms of vocabulary knowledge. At the second stage, ...