Two finite words u and v are called Abelian equivalent if each letter occurs equally many times in both v. The abelian closure A(x) of (the shift orbit of) an infinite word x is the set y such that, for factor y, there exists a which to u. notion gives characterization Sturmian words: among binary uniformly recurrent words, exactly those equals Ω(x). In this paper we show contrary larger alphab...

Although the vapor-liquid-solid growth of semiconductor nanowire is a non-equilibrium process, the equilibrium phase diagram of binary alloy provides important guidance on the growth conditions, such as the temperature and the equilibrium composition of the alloy. Given the small dimensions of the alloy seeds and the nanowires, the known phase diagram of bulk binary alloy cannot be expected to ...

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) are single-phase systems prepared from equimolar or near-equimolar concentrations of at least five principal elements. The combination of high mixing entropy, severe lattice distortion, sluggish diffusion and cocktail effect favours the formation of simple phases—usually a bcc or fcc matrix with minor inclusions of ordered binary intermetallics. HEAs have been propose...