background : nasopharyngeal carcinoma (npc) is known as a highly distinct kind of head and neck cancer. this distinction is due to its clinical presentation, epidemiology, outcome, and treatment. there have not been any reports of epidemiological analysis of npc in iran. the aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence rates and trends of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in the iranian population dur...

introduction: appropriate thyroid hormone (th) levels are essential during the critical period of brain development, which is associated with the growth of axons and dendrites and synapse formation. in rats, oral motor circuits begin to reach to their adult pattern around 3 weeks after birth, the period in which alteration from sucking to biting and chewing occurs (weaning time). trigeminal mot...

introduction: olive leaf contains anti-inflammatory and cox-2 inhibitor compounds. considering the role of the cox enzyme in seizures, this research was performed to assess the effects of this extract in treatment of seizures induced by ptz. methods: in this research, male wistar rats (200±20 g) were injected intra-cerebroventricularly with 1 μl saline or olive leaf extract (125 μg, 250 μg and ...

objective: the study of the relationship between religious beliefs performance and life satisfaction among the elderly in sabzavar city. materials & methods: the data gathered about religious beliefs performance and also life satisfaction among the elderly by survey research and questionnaires in representative sample. the size of sample was 301old persons and the technique of sampling was clus...

The goal of cognitive neuroscience is to integrate cognitive models with knowledge about underlying neural machinery. This significant challenge was explored in relation to word reading, where sophisticated computational-cognitive models exist but have made limited contact with neural data. Using distortion-corrected functional MRI and dynamic causal modeling, we investigated the interactions b...

Recent findings from English and Russian have shown that grammatical category plays a key role in stress assignment. In these languages, some grammatical categories have a typical stress pattern and this information is used by readers. However, whether readers are sensitive to smaller distributional differences and other morpho-syntactic properties (e.g., gender, number, person) remains unclear...

Several studies using the mirror-reading paradigm have shown that procedural learning and repetition priming may be preserved in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) (e.g., Deweer et al., 1994). According to the classical interpretation, improved reading time for repeated words is sustained by a repetition priming effect, while procedural learning is demonstrated when this improvement i...

objectives: stuttering is one of the most prevalent speech and language disorders. symptomology of stuttering has been surveyed from different aspects such as biological, developmental, environmental, emotional, learning and linguistic. previous researches in english-speaking people have suggested that some linguistic features such as word meanings may play a role in the frequency of speech non...

Previous research has assumed that writing is a cognitively complex task, but has not determined if writing overloads Working Memory more than reading and listening. To investigate this, participants completed three recall tasks. These were reading lists of words before recalling them, hearing lists of words before recalling them, and hearing lists of words and writing them as they heard them, ...