this study compared the effects of two annotation modalities on the reading comprehension of iranian intermediate level efl learners. the two experimental groups under study received treatment on 10 academic l2 reading passages under one of two conditions: one group received treatment on key words in the reading passages through a multimedia environment providing textual annotations. the second...

Reading instruction can direct attention to different unit sizes in print-to-speech mapping, ranging from grapheme-phoneme to whole-word relationships. Thus, attentional focus during learning might influence brain mechanisms recruited during reading, as indexed by the N170 response to visual words. To test this, two groups of adults were trained to read an artificial script under instructions d...

The Role of Student and School Variables in Reading Performance among Those Participated in PIRLS 2006 M. S. Reza'ee A.R. Kiamanesh, Ph.D. Z. Naghsh, Ph.D. To determine the role of student and school variables in reading performance, the data on Iranian fourth graders who participated in PIRLS 2006 were analyzed. The sample had included 3978 students from 208 schools. At the stu...

A Comparison in Reading Ability and Achievement between Mono-Lingual and Bilingual Fifth Graders Y. Adib, Ph.D. Z. Sharifi N. Mahmoodi To  compare both the reading ability and academic achievement among Farsi speaking mono-lingual fifth graders and their bilingual Aazari and Kordi counterparts, three samples of 153, 132, and 145 (total 430) such students from three cities o...

Teaching How to Improve Reading Comprehension: One Way of Increasing Iranian Students' Scores on PIRLS M. Najafi Paazoki, Ph.D. The performance of Iranian students on the international reading tests (PIRLS) is indicative of a major problem in reading comprehension. From a constructivist perspective, there are strategies that can be learned and used in order to improve reading comp...

â â â  â â  abstract: â  china and asean have been maintaining a relationship both cooperative and competitive in the textile trade. due to its labor intensive feature and high dependence on foreign trade , the textile trade has received much attention after the 2008 financial crisis. the customs data (classified by the hs code) from year 2006-2009 is employed to research the impact of the cris...