Previous studies indicate that human acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) arises from a rare population of leukemic stem cells. Cells of this nature can initiate and maintain leukemic cell growth in both long-term cultures and nonobese diabetic/severe combined immune-deficient mice. To characterize the biology of primitive AML cells, gene expression screens were performed with 7 primary AML and 3 n...

Direct reprogramming procedures reset the epigenetic memory of cells and convert differentiated somatic cells into pluripotent stem cells. In addition to epigenetic memory of cell identity, which is established during development, somatic cells can accumulate abnormal epigenetic changes that can contribute to pathological conditions. Aberrant promoter hypermethylation and epigenetic silencing o...

Gastric Cancer (GC) is the second most common cancer in the world and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Methylation of promoter CpG islands (CGIs) belonging to tumor suppressor genes causes transcriptional silencing of their corresponding genes leading to carcinogenesis and other disorders. Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC) a tumor suppressor gene is inactivated by methylation of prom...

Yes-associated protein (YAP) is a potent transcription coactivator acting via binding to the TEAD transcription factor, and plays a critical role in organ size regulation. YAP is phosphorylated and inhibited by the Lats kinase, a key component of the Hippo tumor suppressor pathway. Elevated YAP protein levels and gene amplification have been implicated in human cancer. In this study, we report ...

Comprehensive analysis of alterations in gene expression along with neoplastic transformation in human cells provides valuable information about the molecular mechanisms underlying transformation. To further address these questions, we performed whole transcriptome analysis to the human mesenchymal stem cell line, UE6E7T-3, which was immortalized with hTERT and human papillomavirus type 16 E6/E...

Despite recent advancement in medicine, nearly 50% of patients with colorectal cancer show recurrence of the disease. Although the reasons for the high relapse are not fully understood, the presence of chemo- and radiotherapy-resistant cancer stem/stem-like cells, where many oncomirs like microRNA-21 (miR-21) are upregulated, could be one of the underlying causes. miR-21 regulates the processes...

Zeb1, a zinc finger E-box binding homeobox epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) transcription factor, confers properties of “stemness,” such as self-renewal, in cancer. Yet little is known about the function Zeb1 adult stem cells. Here, we used hematopoietic system well-established paradigm cell biology to evaluate Zeb1-mediated regulation We employed conditional genetic approach using Mx1-C...

Archaeal pre-tRNAs are characterized by the presence of the bulge-helix-bulge (BHB) structure in the intron stem-and-loop region. A chimeric pre-tRNA was constructed bearing an intron of the archaeal type and the mature domain of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae suppressor SUP4 tRNA(Tyr). This pre-tRNA(ArchEuka) is correctly cleaved in several cell-free extracts and by purified splicing endonucleas...

Emerging results indicate that cancer stem-like cells contribute to chemoresistance and poor clinical outcomes in many cancers, including ovarian cancer. As epigenetic regulators play a major role in the control of normal stem cell differentiation, epigenetics may offer a useful arena to develop strategies to target cancer stem-like cells. Epigenetic aberrations, especially DNA methylation, sil...

background:   objective: this study presents an economical and simple co-culture system for pluripotent stem cells generation from neonatal mouse testis   materials and methods: isolated testicular cells were cultured in dmem/f12. characteristics of the isolated cells and obtained es-like cell were immune-cytochemically confirmed by examining the presence of plzf, vimentin, oct4 and nanog prote...