Background: Rhabdomyolysis is a clinical syndrome that results in releasing myoglobin content from damaged muscle cells into circulation and often causes acute kidney injury (1). Different mechanisms are considered to be responsible in rhabdomyolysis and renal failure. However, free radical generation is the most important mechanism resulting in kidney injury. Thus, the effect ...

Acute kidney injury frequently occurs in the critically ill and often progresses into multiorgan dysfunction syndrome, resulting in high mortality. We previously showed that nephrectomized mice had increased interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α that directly contributed to systemic inflammation and hepatic injury. In this study, we examined whether patients undergoing laparoscop...

The hypoxia-inducible transcription factors HIF-1 and HIF-2 mediate key cellular adaptions to hypoxia and contribute to renal homeostasis and pathophysiology; however, little is known about the cell type-specific functions of HIF-1 and HIF-2 in response to ischemic kidney injury. Here, we used a genetic approach to specifically dissect the roles of endothelial HIF-1 and HIF-2 in murine models o...

Nephrotoxicity is a common side effect of therapeutic interventions, environmental insults, and exposure to toxicants in the workplace. Although biomarkers for nephrotoxicity are available, they often lack sensitivity and are not specific as indicators of epithelial cell injury. Kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1) is a type 1 membrane protein with extracellular immunoglobulin and mucin domains. Th...

Acute kidney injury is among the most severe health problems today, with greatest fatality ratios. The molecule-1 (KIM-1) considered to be a potential biomarker for diagnosis of acute injury. Herein, sensitive, selective, and swift sandwich-type electrochemical KIM-1 immunosensor was fabricated based on porous NiCo2S4@CeO2 microspheres as signal amplifier covalent organic frameworks-gold nanopa...

OBJECTIVE To assess subclinical kidney injury in adolescents with severe obesity by measuring biomarkers of early kidney disease and to assess changes in the levels of these biomarkers following bariatric procedures. METHODS Twenty-two adolescents undergoing bariatric surgery with no microalbuminuria and normal kidney function were selected. Urinary NGAL, IL-18, and KIM-1 were measured at bas...