This paper addresses the problem of calculating the bioimpedance phase angle from measurements of impedance modulus. A complete impedance measurement was performed on altogether 20 healthy persons using a Solatron 1260/1294 system. The obtained impedance modulus (absolute impedance value) values were used to calculate the Cole parameters and from them the phase angles. In addition, the phase an...

We present experimental results of the transmission magnitude and phase change of terahertz pulses through thin metallic films patterned with subwavelength hole arrays on silicon wafers. Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy measurements reveal a sharp phase peak centered on the surface plasmon resonance. Correspondingly, and consistent with the Kramers-Kronig relations, the measured transmission ...

The influence of strong loss peaks on the dispersion (through the Kramers-Kronig relations) of a nonlinear waveguide is investigated theoretically. It is found specifically for degenerate four-wave mixing in a poly(methyl methacrylate) microstructured polymer optical fiber that the loss-induced dispersion significantly modifies the wavelengths for which there is phase-match. Depending on the pu...

Fiber-optic chemical sensing has been demonstrated with a side-polished single-mode optical fiber, evanescently coupled to chemically sensitive Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) overlay waveguides. The sensors exhibit a channel-dropping response centered on a wavelength that is dependent on the thickness and the refractive index of the overlay waveguide. It has been shown that pH-sensitive organic dyes pr...

Structural, optical and electronic properties and elastic constants of Be1–xZnxS alloys have been studied by employing the commercial code Castep based on density functional theory. The generalized gradient approximation and local density approximation were utilized as exchange correlation. Using elastic constants for compounds, bulk modulus, band gap, Fermi energy and Kramers–Kronig relations,...

Chiral metamaterials - artificial subwavelength structures with broken mirror symmetry - demonstrate outstanding degree of optical chirality that exhibits sophisticated spectral behavior and can eventually reach extreme values. Based on the fundamental causality principle we show how one can unambiguously relate the metamaterial circular dichroism and optical activity by the generalized Kramers...

We briefly review the electrical-optical response of materials to radiative forcing within the formalism of the Kramers-Kronig relations. A commensurate set of criteria is described that must be met by any frequency-domain model representing the time-domain response of a real (i.e., physically possible) material. The criteria are applied to the Brendel-Bormann (BB) oscillator, a model that was ...

A derivation of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem for the microcanonical ensemble is presented using linear response theory. The theorem is stated as a relation between the frequency spectra of the symmetric correlation and response functions. When the system is not in the thermodynamic limit, this result can be viewed as an extension of the fluctuation-dissipation relations to a situation wh...