We collect information on prenatal testosterone in a large sample of entrepreneurs by measuring the length of their 2th to 4th fingers in face to face interviews. Entrepreneurs with higher exposure to prenatal testosterone (lower second to fourth digit ratio) manage larger firms, are matched with larger firms when acquire control and experience faster average growth over the years they manage t...

The functions of RNA molecules are intimately linked to their ability to fold into complex secondary and tertiary structures. Thus, understanding how these molecules fold is essential to determining how they function. Current methods for investigating RNA structure often use small molecules, enzymes, or ions that cleave or modify the RNA in a solvent-accessible manner. While these methods have ...

A retrospective analysis o f oral D-xylose tolerance tests in 435 pediatric patients was performed A significant difference was found between l26 control subject s and 47 untreated children with celiac disease one hour after load. The one-hour value was found to be more reliable than was fecal fa t analysis in screening children for celiac disease. Sex, age, weight, and body surface did not inf...

Candida albicans is both a common commensal and an opportunistic pathogen, being a prevalent cause of mucosal and systemic infections in humans. Phenotypic switching between white and opaque forms is a reversible transition that influences virulence, mating behavior, and biofilm formation. In this work, we show that a wide range of factors induces high rates of switching from white to opaque. T...

Rotaviruses are the major etiological agents of diarrhea in children less than 5 years of age. The commonest G types in humans are G1-4 and G9. G12 is a rare human rotavirus (HRV) strain first reported in the Philippines. In this study, 13 G12 strains obtained from a community-based cohort and a hospital-based surveillance system in 2005 were characterized by phylogenetic analysis of partial nu...

PURPOSE To analyze the risk factors associated with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC)in patients admitted to the ENT Department at Coltea Clinical Hospital in order to assess the similarities and differences as compared to the epidemiological data internationally reported. PATIENTS AND METHODS This is a retrospective study on 178 cases that met the inclusion criteria from 2003 to 2011. RESULTS...

The link between the digestive tract and atopic dermatitis has been studied for many years, and new ground has been broken thanks to studies on the intestinal flora made possible with bacterial metagenomic techniques. Through the detailed analysis of the fecal microbiome of atopic and non atopic subjects, Korean researchers have found no major difference in the diversity patterns of the species...

Who Are the Microenterprise Owners? Evidence from Sri Lanka on Tokman v. de Soto Is the vast army of the self-employed in low income countries a source of employment generation? We use data from surveys in Sri Lanka to compare the characteristics of own account workers (non-employers) with wage workers and with owners of larger firms. We use a rich set of measures of background, ability, and at...

We study the welfare cost of market incompleteness in a generalized Bewley model where idiosyncratic risk takes the form of entrepreneurial productivity shocks. Market incompleteness in our framework has two dimensions. First, in the Bewley tradition, only a limited set of instruments for consumption smoothing is available. Second, entrepreneurs’ capital rental is subject to collateral constrai...

How important are differences in owner personal characteristics (risk tolerance or optimism) versus the environment in which a firm operates (bankruptcy institutions or access to credit) for firm financial structure, size, owner net-worth and welfare? To answer this question we construct a dynamic, computable model with heterogeneous agents and endogenous default in which entrepreneurs weigh th...