This paper investigates the impact of new firms’ quality on the magnitude of their employment effects. Our results clearly show that the quality of start-ups, measured by their affiliation with sectors and innovative industries, strongly influences the direct and the overall employment contribution of new firms. In particular, start-ups in manufacturing industries generate larger direct and ove...

The p53 protein plays a key role in the apoptosis pathway. Increased expression of wild-type p53 in stressed cells leads to cell-cycle arrest or apoptosis, whereas in normal cells p53 is present at very low levels owing to regulation by human double minute 2 (HDM2), which promotes the degradation of p53 through an ubiquitin-dependent proteasome pathway. The p53 protein is found in a mutated or ...

Traditional innovation models assume that new ideas are developed up to the point where the benefit of the marginal project is just equal to the cost. Because labor is a key input to innovation, when the opportunity cost of time is lower, such as during school breaks or time o↵ from work, then such models predict that the number of ideas developed will be greater, but the average quality will b...

What drives women out of entrepreneurship? The joint role of testosterone and culture* The ratio of second to fourth digit (2D4D) has been shown to correlate negatively with entrepreneurial skills and financial success. We document that in a sample of entrepreneurs women have a lower 2D4D ratio than men, in sharp contrast with the features of the distribution in random samples. Exploiting varia...

This paper examines the nature of high growth firms (HGFs) and how they are supported by public policy. HGFs have become a key focus for public policy within the UK and across many OECD economies in recent years. In parallel with this, there has been a growing body of research and evidence which has accumulated on the nature of these firms. However, sizeable gaps in our knowledge remain on how ...

although entry of new firms is influenced by regional differences‚ the impact of location dimensions on entry has been received less attention in the literature of iran's economy and hence this study tries to examine net entry of new industrial firms with the use of ten demographics characteristics in the regions of country during 2005 to 2013. in this study‚ econometric panel data methods...

Entrepreneurial activity di ers substantially across countries. While cultural di erences have often been proposed as an explanation, measuring a country's cultural characteristics su ers from various problems. In this paper, we test the hypothesis that cultural factors in uence entrepreneurial behavior by looking at di erences in self-employment rates between immigrant groups within the same m...

Team Heterogeneity in Startups and its Development over Time We investigate the workforce heterogeneity of startups with respect to education, age and wages. Our explorative study uses data on the population of 1,614 Danish firms founded in 1998. We track these firms until 2001 which enables us to analyze changes in workforce composition over time. Such a dynamic analysis constitutes a hitherto...

Jacks-of-All-Trades? The Effect of Balanced Skills on Team Performance Previous empirical studies have shown that solo entrepreneurs benefit from having balanced skills: Jacks-of-All-Trades (JATs) are better entrepreneurs than specialists are. Nowadays however, the majority of entrepreneurs start up and run ventures together in teams. In this paper we test whether the effect of more balanced sk...