We show that whether trade is one-way or two-way depends on wage strategies adopted by trade unions. The union’s wage strategy choices themselves depend upon the conditions under which trade takes place, as well as upon the characteristics of both the labour and the product markets in the trading countries. The impact of economic integration on union choices and therefore upon both labour marke...

We study the location of various film-related services (such as camera rental, casting agencies or pyrotechnic services), the main determinant of interest being the human capital specificity. We show that firms which supply services with a lower firm specificity locate farther away from one another, and argue that it can be concluded that the "poaching" argument (fear of employees leaving for a...

Wages in traditional agrarian societies are often observed to be above reservation wages even in the slack season when markets are in a state of excess labour supply. Models of noncooperative wage setting by landlords which explicitly take account of the costs of supervising hired labour and emphasize worker heterogeneity are developed and analyzed. Conditions are given for the existence of com...

Po-Ting Liu and Guang-Zhen Sun Abstract The implications of the international demonstration effect (IDE) for the development of underdeveloped economies have long been studied and debated. Yet few formal analyses exist in the literature, especially regarding its implications for the growth of domestic markets and the division of labour in developing economies. We offer an analysis of endogenous...

Self-employment has risen dramatically in Canada, accounting for a disproportionate share of job growth since the 1980's. Using hitherto-unexploited information on labour force transitions from 16 waves of the Survey of Consumer Finances between 1982 and 1998, we show that the changes in transition patterns underlying these increases were very different for women and men. For women, most of the...

A growing body of programme evaluation literature recognises immigrants as a disadvantaged group on European labour markets and investigates the employment effects of Active Labour Market Programmes (ALMPs) on this subgroup. Using a meta-analysis, we condense 93 estimates from 33 empirical studies of the effectiveness of four types of ALMPs employed across Europe to combat immigrant unemploymen...

The ,punpose of the research ;project •Options of Unemployed Immigrants• is to elucidate structural causes and institutionalized practices :in relation to the high .rates of immigrant U'llemployment in Denmark and Sweden, and to investigate the alterna·tive options of the unemployed immigrants on the labour markets of the two Scandinavian countries . The project investigates the situation of un...

General equilibrium models in which compensation for local amenities occurs in both housing and labour markets have been widely used to generate implicit amenity prices and regional quality of life indices. An implication and prospective test of such models is that individuals who are outside the labour market have an incentive to locate in regions where amenities are capitalised into wages. In...

This research is interested in the effects that immigration has on the labour markets in developing countries. Using the 2001 census and the 2007 community survey from South Africa this paper examines the effect that immigration has on labour market outcomes of native-born South Africans. The results show that low-skilled immigrants increase the employment rates of low-skilled native-born South...

Holdup in Oligopsonistic Labour Markets: A New Role for the Minimum Wage We consider a labour market model of oligopsonistic wage competition and show that there is a holdup problem although workers do not have any bargaining power. When a firm invests more, it pays a higher wage in order to attract workers from competitors. Because workers participate in the returns on investment while only fi...