We have shown that protein restriction during lactation is associated with higher levels of serum and milk tri-iodothyronine (T(3)) with lower serum thyroxine (T(4)), suggesting an increased T(4) to T(3) conversion. To investigate this hypothesis, the activity of type 1 (D1) and/or type 2 (D2) iodothyronine deiodinases was evaluated on days 4, 12 and 21 of lactation in several tIssues of dams f...

We used 35 primiparous sows to investigate the link between body fatness at farrowing and voluntary feed intake (VFI) during lactation. Two groups of sows were fed differently throughout gestation (either 2.3 kg/d of a diet containing 5.8% CP and 14.6 MJ DE/kg as fed or 1.7 kg/d of a diet containing 15.6% CP and 14.5 MJ DE/kg as fed) so that they commenced lactation at a similar body weight (15...

A 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments in a randomized block design was used to determine the effects of dietary Arg supplementation during gestation and lactation on the lactation performance of 38 first-parity sows. At 30 d of gestation, pregnant gilts were allotted based on BW to 1 of 2 diets supplemented with 1% L-Arg.HCl or 1.7% L-Ala (isonitrogenous control). After farrowing, sows we...

Previous investigation demonstrated that feeding a 10% flaxseed (10F) diet during pregnancy and lactation enhanced the differentiation of highly proliferative terminal end bud (TEB) structures of rat mammary gland into less proliferative alveolar buds and lobules. From this study, it was hypothesized that the lignan component in flaxseed mediated the observed effects. Because mammary glands wit...

The objective of this research project was to ascertain the hygiene quality and some physicochemical properties of milk obtained from mares of the Wielkopolska breed at different periods of lactation. Colostrum and milk for analyses were collected on days: 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of lactation and afterwards at 15-day intervals up to day 150 of lactation. A significant influence of lactation on levels ...

OBJECTIVE To examine apoptosis in infiltrated neutrophils during involution of mammary glands and compare them with those obtained during late and peak lactation, and to measure oxidative stress and activities of antioxidant enzymes and determine involvement of free radicals in apoptosis of infiltrated neutrophils. SAMPLE POPULATION Neutrophils from mammary gland secretions of 8 goats at 4 st...

A significant number of chronic diseases are linked to perinatal nutrition, and prevention may be associated to naturally occurring components of breast milk. One key hormone in breast milk is leptin, related with the protection from obesity in the adulthood, thus knowing its changes through the day or lactation is crucial. We aimed to investigate the daily rhythms in the milk levels of leptin,...

genetic parameters were estimated for somatic cell score (scs) in dairy cattle of iran using test day records. the records of first lactation were extracted from the database of national animal breeding center for cows calved between 2001 and 2010. data included 222923 test-day records, obtained from 29668 animals distributed in 100 different herds. estimates were carried out through gibbs samp...

Milk and dairy products are an important source of choline, a nutrient essential for human health. Infant formula derived from bovine milk contains a number of metabolic forms of choline, all contribute to the growth and development of the newborn. At present, little is known about the factors that influence the concentrations of choline metabolites in milk. The objectives of this study were to...

Lactating animals consume greater amounts of food than non-reproductive animals, but energy intake appears to be limited in late lactation. The heat dissipation limit theory suggests that the food intake of lactating mice is limited by the capacity of the mother to dissipate heat. Lactating mice should therefore have high body temperatures (Tb), and changes in energy intake during lactation sho...