Early lactation is characterised by a number of metabolic adaptations which divert nutrients from the peripheral tissues in favour of the mammary gland. One such adaptation is the increased responsiveness of adipose tissue to lipolytic stimuli. The effects of the condition score at calving and the level of undegradable protein in the diet on the responsiveness of adipose tissue to adrenergic st...

Most of the metabolic diseases of dairy cows milk fever, ketosis, retained placenta (RP), and displacement of the abomasum occur within the first 2 wk of lactation. And, the etiology of many of those metabolic diseases that are not clinically apparent during the first 2 wk of lactation, such as laminitis, can be traced back to insults that occurred in early lactation. In addition to metabolic d...

Background and Aim: The frequent use of opioids changes function and plasticity of neural circuits. Exposing the immature nervous system to opioids can have deeper and more extensive impacts. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of morphine consumption during lactation period on learning and memory of rats offspring. Material and Methods: This experimental study included 40 mal...

The association of birth type (single vs. double) and pregnancy type (single vs. double) with lactation performance and lactation curve was investigated in Holstein cows in Iran. Data of 243298 lactations on 138021 cows in 261 herds collected during January 2000 to December 2012 were used. The average twinning rate was 3.64% and ranged from 1.44% (primiparous) to 5.41% (multiparous). Factors as...

The effect of lactation on the flavour of cheese made with raw milk of Maltese goats bred in Sicily (Italy) was studied. The goat cheese flavour was analyzed for the first time by Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME) coupled with Gas chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). The suitability of the analytical method was determined by calculating the coefficients of variation (CV%). Data were proce...

The effect of lasalocid (140 mg . head-1 . d-1) on sow reproductive performance and subsequent piglet performance during lactation were examined in a trial that involved 114 sows. Treatments consisted of 1) control diet with no lasalocid during gestation and lactation; 2) lasalocid diet during gestation, control diet during lactation; 3) control diet during gestation and lasalocid diet during l...

Several epidemiological and laboratory investigations have confirmed the traditional beliefs that lactation prolongs postpartum amenorrhea and provides some degree of protection against pregnancy even after the resumption of menstruation [ 12,2 11. The two crucial factors that determine the duration of this infertile period are the duration of unsupplemented lactation and the total duration of ...

To protect infants from infection, human milk contains high levels of the enzyme lysozyme, unlike the milk of dairy animals. We have genetically engineered goats to express human lysozyme (hLZ milk) in their milk at 68% the amount found in human milk to help extend this protection. This study looked at the effect of hLZ on bacteria in raw milk over time. As the microbial diversity of goats' mil...

In dairy cows, increased milking frequency (IMF) during early lactation stimulates an increase in milk yield that partially persists through the remainder of lactation. However, the effects of IMF on lactation performance and udder health of primiparous heifers have not been clearly established. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of IMF during early lactation on milk yield...