Flow boiling in miniand microchannels offer very high heat transfer capabilities and find applications in many emerging technologies, such as electronics cooling and fuel cells. The low flow rate employed in such geometries, coupled with the small flow channels, often results in a laminar flow with all flow as liquid. Since the single-phase flow with all liquid is in the laminar range, the flow...

Enhancing mixing is of uttermost importance in many laminar microfluidic devices, aiming at overcoming the severe performance limitation of species transport by diffusion alone. Here we focus on the significant category of microscale co-laminar flows encountered in membraneless redox flow cells for power delivery. The grand challenge is to achieve simultaneously convective mixing within each in...

Endothelial cells respond to fluid shear stress through mechanotransduction responses that affect their cytoskeleton and cell-cell contacts. Here, endothelial cells were grown as monolayers on arrays of microposts and exposed to laminar or disturbed flow to examine the relationship among traction forces, intercellular forces, and cell-cell junctions. Cells under laminar flow had traction forces...

We have investigated whether the use of laminar-flow theatres and space suits reduced the rate of revision for early deep infection after total hip (THR) and knee (TKR) replacement by reviewing the results of the New Zealand Joint Registry at ten years. Of the 51 485 primary THRs and 36 826 primary TKRs analysed, laminar-flow theatres were used in 35.5% and space suits in 23.5%. For THR there w...

Early in 1989, the late Marcel Golay derived a theory for turbulent flow capillary gas chromatography. He assumed that the flow pattern under turbulent conditions consists of a turbulent core separated from the tube wall by a very thin laminar flow layer. Further, it was assumed that the viscosity and the diffusion constant are uniform within the turbulent core. The core radius is a fraction p ...

Studies of flow behind a single cylinder have greatly contributed to our understanding of the development of complex flows like the Kármán vortex street[1] or turbulent flows. At the first instability in such a system the laminar flow (LF) becomes time dependent and vortices appear. It has been shown that this transition to the vortex shedding phase (VS) is well described by the supercritical H...

Longitudinal heat conduction is an important parameter in the cryogenic field, especially in cryogenic heat exchangers. In the present work, the parasitic effect of tube wall longitudinal heat conduction on temperature measurement has been studied in cryogenic laminar hydrogen flow. The effects of various parameters such as wall cold end temperature, wall thermal conductivity, gas volumetric fl...

Bacterial adhesion is a complex process influenced by many factors, including hydrodynamic conditions. They affect the transfer of oxygen, nutrients, and bacterial cells in a water supply and cooling systems. The aim of this study was to identify hydrodynamic effects on bacterial adhesion to and detachment from stainless steel surfaces. For this purpose we observed the behaviour of bacterium L....

An experimental study is conducted to determine local heat-transfer performance and mechanisms in radial flow through two parallel heated disks. Three distinct heat-transfer mechanisms are disclosed along the flow passage: steady laminar, periodic laminar, and turbulent. The heat-transfer performance is enhanced proportional to the 0.5 and 0.8 powers of Reynolds number, in the steady periodic a...

in this work a numerical study of thermal and fluid dynamics behavior of natural air convection in a square cavity in a laminar flow is presented, by finite volume method. the square cavity has two walls heated with different temperatures and two isolated walls. the numerical simulation is made up of several rayleigh numbers to . flow and isotherm lines are presented and analyzed. the numerical...