Middleware is at the heart of any distributed application and its correctness therefore requires rigorous testing. Since middleware technologies typically support heterogeneous environments, its API is available for different programming languages. Functional tests written to test the functionality of a middleware platform therefore have to be rewritten for all those programming languages. The ...

2 Language features 8 2.1 Data types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2.2 Operators and methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2.2.1 Integer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2.2.2 String . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....

AUTHOR Cheng, Liying TITLE Washback or Backwash: A Review of the Impact of Testing on Teaching and Learning. PUB DATE 2000-00-00 NOTE 34p. PUB TYPE Opinion Papers (120) EDRS PRICE MF01/PCO2 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Achievement Tests; Curriculum Based Assessment; Elementary Secondary Education; *Evaluation Research; Language Tests; *Performance Based Assessment; Second Language Instruction; Sec...

Prototyping is a technique widely used in many engineering fields. However, in software engineering, its usage is limited to requirement elicitation. Little research has been done to extend prototyping to other software development activities. In this paper, we present a prototyping-based testing model and describe how to apply prototyping to the testing activities in the entire software develo...

This paper presents a case study which is the test of a voicebased service. To develop this application, we propose new functionalities for testing languages and a new language called LaTe that implements them. With LaTe, one testing scenario can describe several different executions and the interpreter tries to find the execution that best fits with the real behavior of the System Under Testin...

The deployment of new IP connectivity typically results in intermittent reachability for numerous reasons that are outside the scope of this document. In order to aid in the debugging of these persistent problems, this document proposes the creation of a new Routing Policy Specification Language attribute that allows a network to advertise an IP address that is reachable and can be used as a ta...

Aimée Morgana noticed that her language-using African Grey parrot, N’kisi, often seemed to respond to her thoughts and intentions in a seemingly telepathic manner. We set up a series of trials to test whether this apparent telepathic ability would be expressed in formal tests in which Aimée and the parrot were in different rooms, on different floors, under conditions in which the parrot could r...

views in language testing on validity, and language testers have come to accept that there is no one single answer to the question ‘What does our test measure?’ or ‘Does this test measure what it is supposed to measure?’. Messick argues that the question should be rephrased along the lines of: ‘What is the evidence that supports particular interpretations and uses of scores on this test?’.Valid...

Software testing is a necessary and integral part of the software quality process. It is estimated that inadequate testing infrastructure cost the US economy between $22.2 and $59.5 billion. We present Sulu, a programming language designed with automated unit testing specifically in mind, as a demonstration of how software testing may be more integrated and automated into the software developme...