BACKGROUND A few recent studies have demonstrated heightened hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis reactivity to acute stress in animals exposed to heavy metal contaminants, particularly lead. However, Pb-induced dysregulation of the HPA axis has not yet been studied in humans. OBJECTIVE In this study, we examined children's cortisol response to acute stress (the glucocorticoid product of...

The concentration of airborne and blood lead (Pb) was assessed in a Pb acid battery recycling plant and in a Pb acid battery manufacturing plant in Kenya. In the recycling plant, full-shift area samples taken across 5 days in several production sections showed a mean value ± standard deviation (SD) of 427 ± 124 μg/m(3), while area samples in the office area had a mean ± SD of 59.2 ± 22.7 μg/m(3...

Lead poisoning in this country for the most part is a disease of industry and hence is usually met with in the adult. But the condition may be met with at any age and in some countries, e.g., Australia and Japan, it seems to be not uncommon in childhood. However, everywhere except perhaps in Japan it is rare during infancy, and, as the symptomatology during this period of life is often obscure ...

Anthropogenic emissions completely overwhelmed natural marine lead (Pb) sources during the past century, predominantly due to leaded petrol usage. Here, based on Pb isotope measurements, we reassess the importance of natural and anthropogenic Pb sources to the tropical North Atlantic following the nearly complete global cessation of leaded petrol use. Significant proportions of up to 30-50% of ...

CHAPTER 4. THE ROLE OF THE PEDIATRIC HEALTH-CARE PROVIDER ANTICIPATORY GUIDANCE SCREENING FOR CHILDHOOD LEAD POISONING DOING APPROPRIATE DIAGNOSTIC BLOOD LEAD TESTING INTERPRETATION OF BLOOD LEAD LEVELS EDUCATING PARENTS ABOUT REDUCING BLOOD LEAD LEVELS HOUSEKEEPING INTERVENTIONS OTHER INTERVENTIONS TO REDUCE EXPOSURE TO LEAD NUTRITION COORDINATING WITH PUBLIC SECTOR OFFICIALS APPROPRIATE FOLLOWUP

One of the first steps in addressing the problem of childhood lead poisoning is to identify the possible sources of exposure in specific communities and target high-risk populations with appropriate interventions. Due to several factors, such as lack of funding and lack of blood lead reporting, little information exists regarding the occurrence of childhood lead poisoning and the prevalence of ...

This study investigated the relationship between Pb relative bioavailability (RBA) and bioaccessibility, and their relationships with Pb in different pools in soils. Twelve Pb-contaminated soils representing different contamination sources from China were analyzed for Pb bioaccessibility using four in vitro methods (UBM, SBRC, IVG, and PBET), Pb-RBA using a mouse blood model, and Pb fractionati...

Metal (Cr, Co, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Ni) and metalloid (As) accumulation was studied in roadside soil and wild rat (Rattus sp.) samples from near a Pb-Zn mine (Kabwe, Zambia) and the capital city of Zambia (Lusaka). The concentrations of the seven metals and As in the soil samples and Pb in the rat tissue samples were quantified using atomic absorption spectroscopy. The concentrations of Pb, Zn, Cu, ...

Samples of Fish Canyon and Cobb Mountain sanidine monitor standards, irradiated and fused with 7 W of CO laser 2 power for ArrAr geochronology analyses, give Pb isotope composition and Pb concentrations that are indistinguishable from unprocessed aliquots of the same monitors. The absence of measurable change in Pb isotope composition indicates the feasibility of measuring the Pb isotope compos...