Traffic shaping in high speed networks, including VDSL networks, occurs when congestion builds up in the outgoing VDSL network. Shaping mechanisms want smooth traffic. We used a leaky bucket too achieve traffic shaping. But leaky buckets still have a lot of non-conforming frames. However, as one way to solving this problem, we purpose a double-leaky bucket as the traffic shaping mechanism that ...

Traffic regulation is a key component in providing quality-of-service guarantees in high performance networks. In this paper, we propose a novel traffic regulator called ”Partially Stopped Leaky Bucket” (PSLB) that can accurately capture a general class of traffic patterns, yet has a constant time implementation. PSLB is based on the well-known leaky bucket regulator, but is able to capture the...

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) onset and its progression towards nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) features increased intestinal permeability leaky gut, thereby favoring the escape of endotoxin [lipopolysaccharides (LPS)] from gut to liver. The aim this study was resemble crosstalk between intestine during NAFLD by using an in vitro model co-culture system. Enterocytes (Caco-2) were...

An analytic solution is presented describing ̄ow to a drain in a semi-in®nite domain bounded by a leaky layer of constant thickness. The solution is developed by applying the method of images to two parallel boundaries: an inhomogeneity boundary and an equipotential boundary. It is then demonstrated that the solution for the problem with the leaky layer approximated by a leaky boundary (a mixed...

The traditional ‘leaky pipeline’ plots are widely used to inform gender equality policy and practice. Herein, we demonstrate how a statistical phenomenon known as Simpson’s paradox can obscure trends in gender ‘leaky pipeline’ plots. Our approach has been to use Excel spreadsheets to generate hypothetical ‘leaky pipeline’ plots of gender inequality within an organisation. The principal factors,...

Increased intestinal permeability is a likely cause of various pathologies, such as allergies and metabolic or even cardiovascular disturbances. Intestinal permeability is found in many severe clinical situations and in common disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome. In these conditions, substances that are normally unable to cross the epithelial barrier gain access to the systemic circulati...

Intestinal microbial metabolites are conjectured to affect mucosal integrity through an incompletely characterized mechanism. Here we showed that microbial-specific indoles regulated intestinal barrier function through the xenobiotic sensor, pregnane X receptor (PXR). Indole 3-propionic acid (IPA), in the context of indole, is a ligand for PXR in vivo, and IPA downregulated enterocyte TNF-α whi...