Negotiated learner models can help improve the accuracy of a learner model as well as promote metacognition. This paper defines directions for negotiating learner models based on multiple data sources, as the range of technologies and interaction types increases.

This paper illustrates a goal oriented approach to model agent mediated e-learning system. Most of the traditional e-learning systems are not learner-centric, and they often ignore the diversity of learner population; thus very often their service is not able to directly or effectively match the learner’s goal. From the learner’s point of view, we propose a goal oriented approach to develop an ...

This paper considers some of the similarities between the goals of supporting and encouraging metacognition in intelligent tutoring systems and learning in general, and the benefits of opening the learner model to the learner and to the teacher. We identify the purposes for an open learner model and provide examples of two important classes of open learner models: those within a particular teac...

This paper describes an adaptive learning environment with an open learner model to promote learner reflection. The learner model can be presented using different techniques: textual and haptic. The paper investigates the potential for haptic learner models in terms of whether users can understand a haptic model, and whether they find it useful. Most liked both versions, but of those with a pre...

Learner-centred design (LCD) is a nebulous concept. It can range from attempts to design with the needs of the learner at the forefront, to involving the learner at various stages of the design process, sometimes throughout the whole process. In addition, learner-centred design involving children implies additional issues which do not present themselves when using an LCD approach with adults. I...

Open learner models (OLM) are learner models that are accessible to the learner they represent. Many examples now exist, often with the aim of prompting learner reflection on their knowledge. In language learning, this relates to research on noticing and awareness-raising. We here introduce an open learner model to investigate the potential of OLMs to facilitate noticing. Results suggest that a...

This paper introduces learner model negotiation not only as a means to increase the accuracy of the learner model and promote metacognitive activities as in past examples, but also as a way to help learners correct peer assessment entries in their learner model, that they consider inaccurate. While open learner models are not new, and negotiated learner models have been developed before, in tod...

since ‘the development of whole person’ was brought to the focus of attention by humanist psychologists as a central concern in educational theory, affective variables have been assumed to have a significant share in the learning process that goes on in a pedagogical setting. meanwhile, the process of second language development, because of the very nature of language as a vehicle for communica...