agnesium (Mg) is involved in many important enzymatic processes, electrolyte balance, and skeletal metabolism. Clinically, Mg plays an important role in the regulation of vascular tone and heart rhythm, prevention of thrombosis, atherosclerosis, insulin resistance, arrhythmia, and osteoporosis, suppression of inflammation, etc (Figure).1–3 Furthermore, hypermagnesemia inhibits parathyroid hormo...

Prehypertensive individuals are at increased risk for developing hypertension and cardiovascular disease compared with those with normal blood pressure. Early compromises in left ventricular structure may explain part of the increased risk. We assessed echocardiographic and exercise parameters in prehypertensive individuals (n=790) to determine associations between exercise blood pressure and l...

In order to study left ventricular hypertrophy patterns in obese hypertensives, we examined 132 patients with essential hypertension by 2D, M-mode and Doppler echocardiography. The patients were classified in four comparable groups, corresponding to the values of Quetelet's body mass index (BMI) and grades of obesity. More obese hypertensives had on average larger left ventricles with thicker w...

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a public health epidemic that increases risk of death due to cardiovascular disease. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is an important mechanism of cardiovascular disease in individuals with CKD. Elevated levels of FGF23 have been linked to greater risks of LVH and mortality in patients with CKD, but whether these risks represent causal effects of FGF23 is unkno...

a parameter of raised systemic blood pressure during life. The pulmonary vasculature, ventricular weights, and the type and severity of emphysema in these patients were also studied. A group of 10 normotensive subjects and a group of 10 subjects with systemic hypertension were used as controls. The medial thickness of the internal mammary artery was significantly greater in the group of patient...

BACKGROUND/AIMS To investigate the role of endothelial dysfunction on left ventricular remodeling in patients with chronic kidney disease and to evaluate the correlation between endothelial dysfunction and left ventricular remodeling. METHODS Seventy-three patients with chronic kidney disease as study-group and thirty healthy volunteers as control-group were enrolled in the present study. All...

Pathological cardiac hypertrophy was produced by partial abdominal aortic constriction (PAAC) for 4 wk, while physiological cardiac hypertrophy was produced by chronic swimming training (CST) for 8 wk in rats. Pentoxifylline (30 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg i.p., day-1) treatment was started three days before PAAC and CST and it was continued for 4 wk in PAAC and 8 wk in CST experimental model. The left ve...

E lectrocardiographic (ECG) methods of detecting left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) have played an important role in the understanding of clinical heart disease. It has long been recognized that the risk of developing coronary heart disease or complications of hypertension is higher in individuals with LVH detected by ECG than in otherwise comparable subjects with normal ECGs.1,2 Early trials o...

In response to high blood pressure, left ventricular hypertrophy develops. But in hypertension, the myocardial hypertrophied structure is abnormal. The prevalence of this hypertrophy is influenced by age, gender, weight, race, genetics and the severity of high blood pressure. By echocardiography, it has been possible to detect non invasively and more precisely this hypertrophy and its anatomica...

Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is one of the vicious organ damages of essential hypertension. It contributes a lot to high mortality of essential hypertension due to sudden cardiac death, ventricular arrhythmia and heart failure. Many factors involve in the pathogenesis of hypertension-induced LVH including inherited variants as well as environmental factors. For the genic influence, nucleu...