INTRODUCTION The correction of a deep overbite with the subsequent achievement of long-term stability is a difficult problem for orthodontists. The role of leveling the curve of Spee (COS) in bite opening and the success of orthodontic treatment has been well documented in the literature. The aim of this study was to investigate whether leveling the COS, by using 2 orthodontic treatment techniq...

NAND flash memory has the potential to become the storage alternative of the future due to its better performance and low power requirements. However reliability is still a critical issue in using NAND flash memory for large scale enterprise applications. The number of times a block can be reliably erased is limited in a NAND flash memory. A wear leveling algorithm helps to prevent the early we...

Land leveling is one of the most important steps in soil preparation and cultivation. Although land leveling with machines requires considerable amount of energy, it delivers a suitable surface slope with minimal soil deterioration as well as damage to plants and other organisms in the soil. Notwithstanding, in recent years researchers have tried to reduce fossil fuel consumption and its delete...

This paper presents a preliminary report on a postal survey of production managers in New Zealand. The respondents were asked questions about the tasks and responsibilities of production managers, and their perception of the practical relevance of production management topics commonly taught in tertiary institutions. The results presented here mainly address this issue of relevance. The motivat...

E. Olejnik, A. Janas, B. Grabowska, M. Kawalec, AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Foundry Engineering, Krakow, Poland Casting technology was applied and research was carried out on two alloys based on the Ni3Al phase with variable carbon content of 0,2 and 1,25 wt. % C, respectively. Resistance to abrasive wear, friction coeffi cient and Vickers microhardness were determined....

Despite the proven effectiveness of helmets in avoiding or reducing the severity of brain injuries and the law requiring their compulsory use, both by drivers and passengers of motorcycles, approximately 20% of Spanish adolescent motorcycle users do not wear them. This study analysed the pattern of motorcycle and helmet-use in a sample of Spanish adolescents (age range 14–17; n = 874) and the r...