Cullin-RING ubiquitin ligases (CRLs) participate in the regulation of diverse cellular processes including cell cycle progression. Mutations in the X-linked CUL4B, a member of the cullin family, cause mental retardation and other developmental abnormalities in humans. Cells that are deficient in CUL4B are severely selected against in vivo in heterozygotes. Here we report a role of CUL4B in the ...

Retrovirus-mediated transduction of Hoxb4 enhances hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) activity and enforced expression of Hoxb4 induces in vitro development of HSCs from differentiating mouse embryonic stem cells, but the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. We previously showed that the HSC activity was abrogated by accumulated Geminin, an inhibitor for the DNA replication licensing fact...

In this paper we relate university licensing revenues to both university research expenditures and characteristics of the university and the university technology transfer office. We apply the Hausman–Taylor estimator for panel data with time-invariant explanatory variables and the Arellano–Bover dynamic panel model to unbalanced panels for the years 1991–2003 and balanced panels for the years ...

The Prevalence and Effects of Occupational Licensing This study provides the first nation-wide analysis of the labor market implications of occupational licensing for the U.S. labor market, using data from a specially designed Gallup survey. We find that in 2006, 29 percent of the workforce was required to hold an occupational license from a government agency, which is a higher percentage than ...

A customer-driven pricing and licensing model is a prerequisite for the business success of EuroDEM. Additionally, the implementation of the pricing and licensing model underpins the goals of INSPIRE and PSI Directives. EuroDEM is a pan-European geoinformation product that covers 40 countries in Europe. National Mapping and Cadastral Agencies own the DEM but EuroGeographics, whose activities fo...

Over the last decade, companies have increasingly focused on managing their intellectual assets. We build a model that helps understand how licensing activity should be organized within large corporations, and specifically, we compare decentralization -where the business unit using the technology makes licensing decisions -to the situation where a centralized unit is responsible. The business u...

there are many agreements for transferring technology, but license agreement is the most important agreement in this regard. according to the mentioned agreement, the owner of patent or technology as licensor grants the license to licensee in specific duration and in a given territory. exclusive rights of licensor and the objectives of competition law, including the welfare of consumers or prev...

Negative polarity items are characterized by their restriction to negative contexts. Ladusaw (1979) proposed that for the most-discussed negative polarity items (NPIs), licensing contexts have to observe the semantic property of being downward entailing (see de Swart 1998, for an accessible introduction). According to a competing analysis, at least some NPIs undergo scalar licensing (Fauconnier...