This master’s thesis gives a brief overview of mathematical modelling of traffic flow from different perspectives. Focus lies on the fluid flow analogy first derived by Lighthill, Whitham and Richards (LWR) in the 1950’s which treats a traffic stream as a compressible one-dimensional fluid. The LWR theory is applied to bottleneck queueing situations, more specifically to junctions with one outg...

Jets are one of the most fascinating topics in fluid mechanics. For aeronautics, turbulent jet-noise modelling is particularly challenging, not only because of the poor understanding of high Reynolds number turbulence, but also because of the extremely low acoustic efficiency of high-speed jets. Turbulent jet-noise models starting from the classical Lighthill acoustic analogy to state-of-the ar...

In this work, treating an artery as a prestressed thin-walled elastic tube and the blood as an inviscid fluid, the interactions of two nonlinear waves propagating in opposite directions are studied in the longwave approximation by use of the extended PLK (Poincaré-Lighthill-Kuo) perturbation method. The results show that up to O(k3), where k is the wave number, the head-on collision of two soli...

Aeroacoustics, the science of noise generation and propagation through airflows, is a relatively young discipline compared to other more classical fields of mechanics. Nevertheless, it has seen tremendous progress since its foundations were laid in the form of the first overall aeroacoustic theory by Lighthill in his pioneering work in 1952. The basic understanding of aerodynamically generated ...

In a model commonly used in dynamic traffic assignment the link travel time for a vehicle entering a link at time t is taken as a function of the number of vehicles on the link at time t. In an alternative recently introduced model, the travel time for a vehicle entering a link at time t is taken as a function of an estimate of the flow in the immediate neighbourhood of the vehicle, averaged ov...

We present a network formulation for traffic flow model with nonlocal velocity in the flux function. The modeling framework includes suitable coupling conditions at intersections to either ensure maximum or distribution parameters. Based on an upwind type numerical scheme, we prove principle and existence of weak solutions networks. also investigate limiting behavior proposed models when influe...

Colonies of the green alga Volvox are spheres that swim through the beating of pairs of flagella on their surface somatic cells. The somatic cells themselves are mounted rigidly in a polymeric extracellular matrix, fixing the orientation of the flagella so that they beat approximately in a meridional plane, with axis of symmetry in the swimming direction, but with a roughly [Formula: see text] ...