The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of metformin on the responses of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells to γ-rays (low-linear energy transfer (LET) radiation) and carbon-ion beams (high-LET radiation). HCC cells were pretreated with metformin and exposed to a single dose of γ-rays or carbon ion beams. Metformin treatment increased radiation-induced clonogenic cell death, D...

We investigate theoretically the generation of extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) beams carrying fractional orbital angular momentum. To this end, we drive high-order harmonic generation with infrared conical refraction (CR) beams. We show that the high-order harmonic beams emitted in the EUV/soft x-ray regime preserve the characteristic signatures of the driving beam, namely ringlike transverse intensi...

This study presents the basic dosimetric properties of photon beams of a Versa HD linear accelerator (linac), which is capable of delivering flattening filter-free (FFF) beams with a beam quality equivalent to the corresponding flattened beams based on comprehensive beam data measurement. The analyzed data included the PDDs, profiles, penumbra, out-of-field doses, surface doses, output factors,...

Percentage depth doses (PDDs) and transverse dose profiles (TDPs) were calculated by a Monte Carlo simulation of electron beams of different energies (3, 5, 7 and 9 MeV) produced by a NOVAC7® accelerator. The NOVAC7® is a linear accelerator designed for Intraoperative Radiation Therapy (IORT). The PDDs and TDPs were also experimentally determined. Both calculations and measurements were done on...

Recently, a nonlinear discrete-time model that simulates a vibrating string exhibiting tension modulation has been presented. This paper elaborates the previous model by taking into account two phenomena: 1) coupling of the tension modulation force to the instrument body and 2) feedback of the tension modulation force to the vibrating string. The two phenomena are investigated by analysis of pl...

One option at the International Linear Collider is to convert the electron beams into high energy photon beams by Compton scattering a few millimetres in front of the interaction region. Selected physics channels for this option have been analysed and technical issues have been studied. So far no showstoppers for this option have been found.

1 S.YUE is a research fellow of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. Abstract It is difficult for robots to handle a vibrating deformable object. Even for human beings it is a high-risk operation to, for example, insert a vibrating linear object into a small hole. However, fast manipulation using a robot arm is not just a dream; it may be achieved if some important features of the vibration a...