BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We explored the hypothesis that injured neurons release lipocalin-2 as a help me signal. METHODS In vivo lipocalin-2 responses were assessed in rat focal cerebral ischemia and human stroke brain samples using a combination of ELISA and immunostaining. In vitro, microglia and astrocytes were exposed to lipocalin-2, and various markers and assays of glial activation were ...

The lipocalin 2//NGAL/24p3 receptor (NGAL-R/24p3-R) is expressed in rodent distal nephron where it mediates protein endocytosis. The mechanisms of apical endocytosis and transcytosis of proteins and peptides in the intestine are poorly understood. In the present study, the expression and localization of rodent 24p3-R (r24p3-R) and human NGAL-R (hNGAL-R) was investigated in intestinal segments b...

Adipose tissue controls energy homeostasis and systemic insulin sensitivity through the elaboration of a series of cytokines and hormones, collectively termed "adipokines." We and others have identified Lcn2 as a novel adipokine, but its exact role in obesity-induced insulin resistance remains controversial. The aim of this study was to examine the metabolic phenotype of Lcn2(-/-) mice to clari...

[1], belongs to the lipocalin family of proteins. These are typically small secreted proteins characterised by their ability to bind small, hydrophobic molecules in a structurally conserved pocket formed by a β-pleated sheet, and to form macromolecular complexes. Many lipocalins also bind to specific cell-surface receptors, but so far no NGAL receptor has been identified. NGAL has many synonyms...

Background: The effects of electromagnetic field (EMF) on reproductive system have been of critical concern for a long time. It has been shown that the EMF can adversely affect testicular cells and tissue and decrease male fertility. The most important determinants of male fertility are sperm development and motility, which are affected by changes in several factors including lipocalin 2 protei...

BACKGROUND Lipocalin-2 is a novel adipokine that appears to play a role in the development of insulin resistance. Serum lipocalin-2 levels are elevated in obese patients. Obesity and insulin resistance are cardinal characteristics of the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, there are limited data on serum lipocalin-2 levels in patients with PCOS. The aim of the present study was to assess...

OBJECTIVES Lipocalin2 (Lcn2) gene is highly expressed in response to various types of cellular stresses. The precise role of Lcn2 has not been fully understood yet. However, it plays a key role in controlling vital cellular processes such as proliferation, apoptosis and metabolism. Recently it was shown that Lcn2 decreases senescence and increases proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) w...

background: the effects of electromagnetic field (emf) on reproductive system have been of critical concern for a long time. it has been shown that the emf can adversely affect testicular cells and tissue and decrease male fertility. the most important determinants of male fertility are sperm development and motility, which are affected by changes in several factors including lipocalin 2 protei...

objective(s): lupus nephritis (ln) is the main cause of mortality and disability in systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) patients. therefore, utilizing a reliable and non-invasive method for serial measurements of renal function seems to be necessary. the aim of this study was to evaluate the role of urinary lipocalin-2 as a biomarker of renal involvement in sle patients.   materials and methods:...