Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) is a member of lipocalin family that binds and transports a small lipophilic ligand, sharing a highly conserved tertiary structure and can be found as a monomer, homodimer, heterodimer with matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9). The high molecule LCN2/MMP9 complex was found in several cancer types. Yet, the mechanisms of regulation between LCN2 with MMP9 in tumorigenesis is uncle...

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com Abbreviations: BSA: Bovine Serum Albumin; CD4: Cluster of Differentiation 4; CPS: Capsular Polysaccharide; CXCL10: Chemokine X Chemotactic Ligand 10; DHBA: Dihydroxybenzoic Acid; ER Stress: Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress; FBS: Fetal Bovine Serum; HLA: Human Leukocyte Antigen; IP-10: InterferonInducible Protein 10; LCN2: Lipocalin 2; NGAL: NeutrophilGe...

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, a feature of many conditions associated with pulmonary hypertension (PH), is increasingly recognized as a common response to promote proliferation in the walls of pulmonary arteries. Increased expression of Lipocalin-2 in PH led us to test the hypothesis that Lipocalin-2, a protein known to sequester iron and regulate it intracellularly, might facilitate the E...

In the October 2010 issue of the Journal of Clinical Investigation, Viau et al. [1] provided primary evidence for lipocalin-2 ([Lcn2; also known as neutrophil gelatinaseassociated lipocalin [(NGAL)], 24p3 protein, α1-microglobulin-related protein, or uterocalin]) as a central effector of progressive renal tissue damage upon acute kidney injury. Their studies are based on two experimental mouse ...

Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is an acute-phase protein induced by injury, infection, or other inflammatory stimuli. LCN2 binds small hydrophobic ligands and interacts with cell surface receptor to regulate diverse cellular processes. The role of LCN2 as a chemokine inducer in the central nervous system (CNS) has been previously reported. Based on the previous participation of LCN2 in neuroinflammation, w...

NFAT1 is a transcription factor that elicits breast carcinoma cells to become invasive, thus contributing to metastasis. The molecular mechanisms by which NFAT1 operates in this respect are still poorly known. Here, we report that NFAT1 increases lipocalin 2 (LCN2) mRNA and protein expression by binding to specific sites in the LCN2 gene promoter region. We show that the LCN2 protein is require...

Lipocalin 2 (LCN2, also known as NGAL) is a secreted glycoprotein and its elevated expression has been observed in breast cancers. However, the importance of LCN2 in breast tumorigenesis is unclear. Here, we employed a spontaneous mammary tumor mouse model showing that MMTV-ErbB2(V664E) mice lacking of mLCN2 had significantly delayed mammary tumor formation and metastasis with reduced MMP-9 act...

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), caused by the intracellular bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is a worldwide disease that continues to kill more than 1.5 million people every year worldwide. The accumulation of lymphocytes mediates the formation of the tubercle granuloma in the lung and is crucial for host protection against M.tuberculosis infection. However, paradoxically the tubercle granulom...

Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) is a secreted protein that belongs to the Lipocalins, a group of transporters of small lipophilic molecules such as steroids, lipopolysaccharides, iron, and fatty acids in circulation. Two decades after its discovery and after a high variety of published findings, LCN2's altered expression has been assigned to critical roles in several pathological organ conditions, including...