Cytokine storm is one of the leading causes death in patients with COVID‑19. Metformin has been shown to inhibit action a wide range proinflammatory cytokines such as IL‑6, and TNF‑α which may ultimately affect cytokine due Covid‑19. The present study analyzed anti‑inflammatory effect oral intraperitoneal (IP) metformin administration routes mouse model lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑induced storm. A...

Background: Tissue type 2 transglutaminase (TG2, E.C. 2.3.2,13) is reported to be involved in the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells mouse microglial BV2 and peripheral macrophages. In this study, by using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- or amyloid-β 1-42 (Aβ 1-42) peptide-stimulated cell line primary cells, we examined effects different neuronutraceutical compounds, such as curcumin (Cu) N-Palmitoyleth...

Macrophages (Mφs) are instrumental regulators of the immune response whereby they acquire diverse functional phenotypes following their exposure to microenvironmental cues that govern differentiation from monocytes and activation. The complexity diversity mycobacterial cell wall have empowered mycobacteria with potent immunomodulatory capacities. A heat-killed (HK) whole-cell preparation Mycoba...

Abstract Background Acute liver failure (ALF) is associated with a high mortality rate, and there are still no effective treatments except transplantation artificial therapies. This study aimed to determine the effects, therapeutic window mechanisms of selonsertib, selective inhibitor ASK1, for ALF therapy. Results Lipopolysaccharide d -galactosamine (LPS/GalN) were used simulate ALF. We found ...

signaling amp-activated protein kinase (ampk), an energy sensing enzyme, has been implicated in controlling inflammation. in this study we investigated whether activation of ampk by metformin could protect the lung from lipopolysaccharide (lps)-induced acute injury by inhibitingng tlr4 pathway. male wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=6): control group received normal saline (0.5...

The aim of this study was to compare the effects two different doses ambroxol (AMB) co-administered with azithromycin (AZIT) on concentrations bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cytokines and serum biochemical parameters in an lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury mouse model. A total 78 male Swiss albino mice were used for investigation. After six had been separated as control gr...

Macrophage pyroptosis and related inflammatory responses play an important role in periodontitis. Kynurenic acid (KA) is hypothesized to have anti‑inflammatory potential, but whether KA can inhibit macrophage the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used induce THP‑1‑derived macrophages. or ML385 pretreat macrophages, after which, cell viability, NOD‑like receptor ...

Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome caused by various pathogenic microorganisms or toxins. Lung damage one of the causes death in patients with sepsis. This study aimed to investigate role miR-19a-3p and its regulation mechanism sepsis-induced lung injury. MH-S cells were treated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) establish injury cell model. C57BL/6 mice injected antagomiR LPS construct ...

BACKGROUND:  Canine low-dose sepsis model provides a reliable setting to study innovative drugs. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), a major constituent of bacterial outer membrane, have been demonstrated to play a critical role in the initiation of pathogenesis. Lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis has been extensively studied in laboratory animals; but its importance has mainly remained unknown in dogs. ...

The present study investigated the effect of treatment with methanolic extracts Yin- and Yang-Chinese tonifying herbs on concanavalin A (Con A)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated splenocyte proliferation (adaptive immunity) natural killer (NK) cell activity (innate in an ex vivo mouse model. results indicated that while most Yin herbal potentiated Con A/LPS-stimulated proliferation, only Yang ...