The term literary multilingualism primarily refers to the more or less extended mix of two or more languages in the same text, entailing a cross-cultural or experimental effect. Besides intratextual multilingualism, or mixtilingualism, there is an intertextual multilingualism between heteroglot works of different authors linked to each other in a specific way (like those of the European and Lat...

Animal fable is often discussed as a genre in its own right, associated with moralising, criticism, and popular ideology. 1 Yet any instantiation of a fable in a literary text intersects with the conventions of the host-genre. While fable is found in various ancient genres, it has a particular association with Greek iambus, and Hellenistic and Roman imitators of archaic iambus turn regularly to...

Many widely-used approaches for assessing text difficulty provide a single prediction equation that is assumed to hold for texts belonging to a variety of different genres. This paper demonstrates that such models tend to overpredict the difficulty of informational texts while simultaneously underpredicting the difficulty of literary texts. Mechanisms that may account for these effects are exam...

AO3 Show understanding of the relationships between texts and the contexts in which they were written. AO3 is the understanding of the relationship between the ideas in the text and the contexts of the text, such as: • the context in which the text was written • the context within which the text is set (location/social structures and features/ cultural contexts/periods in time) • literary conte...

This essay discusses some ancient and medieval examples from Arabic culture, dealing with the task of translating genres that did not exist in target language. By examining these historical instances, this paper demonstrates only by adapting innovative techniques can translators translate a genre has no equivalent It shows must try to enter what Jacques Derrida calls “the protocol text” come cl...

The talk of Larisa Soboleva, professor of Ural Federal University, and Olga Zhuravel, associate professor and Dean of the Department of Journalism at Novosibirsk State University and the author of the book entitled Literary Work of Old Believers in the 17th – Early 21st Centuries: Themes, Problems, Poetics concerns the diversity of manuscript sources used and published in the abovementioned boo...