Restructuring of power system has faced this industry with numerous uncertainties. As a result, transmission expansion planning (TEP) like many other problems has become a very challenging problem in such systems. Due to these changes, various approaches have been proposed for TEP in the new environment. In this paper a new algorithm for TEP is presented. The method is based on probabilisti...

This article proposes a DR program characterized by novel compensation scheme. The proposed scheme recognizes the different characteristics of curtailment, such as total length curtailments within window time, or number separate curtailment events (i.e., startup), and compensates end-user accordingly. features piece-wise reward function comprised two intervals. participants receive onetime upfr...

A real-time two-way direct load control (TWDLC) of central air-conditioning chillers in 10 wide area is proposed to provide demand response. The proposed TWDLC scheme is designed to 11 optimize the load shedding ratio of every customer under control to ensure the target load to be 12 shed is met at every scheduling period. In order to overcome the load reduction uncertainties of 13 TWDLC, an in...

The volatile and intermittent nature of renewable energy sources (RES) has a critical impact on electric power grid operations. However, there still lacks model to price the uncertainty in electricity markets. This paper aims propose quantify RES system operating costs an market environment considering use flexible ramping (FR) products, compensation for wind curtailment, cost load thus offer m...

Demand response is nowadays considered as another type of generator, beyond just a simple peak reduction mechanism. A demand response service provider (DRSP) can, through its subcontracts with many energy customers, virtually generate electricity with actual load reduction. However, in this type of virtual generator, the amount of load reduction includes inevitable uncertainty, because it consi...

In this paper, a new formulation for modeling the problem of stochastic security-constrained unit commitment along with optimal charging and discharging large-scale electric vehicles, energy storage systems, flexible loads renewable resources is presented. The uncertainty considered as scenario-based model. multi-objective function which considers reduction operation cost, no-load startup/shutd...

The use of renewable generation and energy storage with actively managed curtailment schemes is investigated. A heuristic optimisation algorithm is presented that maximises the revenue available to the operator of a storage system that time-shifts curtailed generation, and trades by buying and selling power on an electricity market. The algorithm is applied to a case study of a distribution net...

Sleep curtailment is a hallmark of modern society, one that is often considered harmless and efficient. The advent of artificial light has permitted the curtailment of sleep to the minimum tolerable and an increase in the time available for work and leisure. In our 24-hour-a-day society, millions work during the night and sleep during the day, a schedule that generally results in substantial sl...