The objective of this study is minimizing the frequency deviation due to load variations and fluctuations renewable energy resources. In paper, a new type-2 fuzzy control (T2FLC) approach presented for (LFC) in power systems with multi-areas, demand response (DR), battery storage system (BESS), wind farms. BESS used reduce deviations caused by energy, DR utilized increase network stability fast...

The rise of microgrid-based architectures is modifying significantly the energy control landscape in distribution systems, making distributed mechanisms necessary to ensure reliable power system operations. In this article, use Reinforcement Learning techniques proposed implement load frequency (LFC) without requiring a central authority. To end, detailed model dynamic behaviour formulated by r...

This paper investigates the impact of electric vehicle (EV) aggregator with communication time delay on stability regions and margins a single-area load frequency control (LFC) system. Primarily, graphical method characterizing boundary locus is implemented. For given delay, computes all stabilizing pro-portional-integral (PI) controller gains, which constitutes region in parameter space PI con...

To maintain reliable and sustainable power supply, the frequency should be kept constant under varying load conditions. The two degrees of freedom internal model control (2DoF-IMC) scheme is a robust technique efficient for load-disturbance rejection problems in industrial process control. asymmetry IMC compared to other methods regarding controller design that it does not guarantee stability s...

This paper addresses optimal design and performance analysis of the Social Spider Optimization (SSO) algorithm based Fractional Order Proportional Integral Derivative (FOPID) controller for load frequency control (LFC) in an interconnected multi-source power system. Since this controller has more adjusted parameters than classical proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller, thus it provi...

The article focuses on the issues of Load Frequency Control (LFC) under non-linear strategies in multi source multi area hydro thermal system. On practical perspective dead band, boiler dynamics, reheat steam turbine along with hydro turbine operating under two different area capacities are considered in the system. When subjected to random load variations in both the areas, the system exhibits...

Renewable energy has the characteristics of low carbon and environmental protection compared to traditional water thermal power, but it also intermittency uncertainty that power does not have. These make inertia system increase, which greatly affects frequency stability grid. To solve such problems, participation demand-side resources (DSRs) in dispatch systems become a viable solution.However,...

the purpose of load frequency control is to reduce transient oscillation frequencies than its nominal valueand achieve zero steady-state error for it.a common technique used in real applications is to use theproportional integral controller (pi). but this controller has a longer settling time and a lot of extramutation in output response of system so it required that the parameters be adjusted ...

Load Frequency Control (LFC) has received considerable attention during last decades. This paper proposes a new method for designing decentralized interaction estimators for interconnected large-scale systems and utilizes it to multi-area power systems. For each local area, a local estimator is designed to estimate the interactions of this area using only the local output measurements. In fact,...

The fast-increasing introduction of renewable energy sources (RESes) leads to some problems in electrical power network due to fluctuating generated power. A power system must be operated with provision of various reserve powers like governor free capacity, load frequency control and spinning reserve. Therefore, the generator’s schedule (unit commitment schedule) should include the consideratio...