The last decade has seen a dramatic increase in the size of western Lake Erie cyanobacteria blooms, renewing concerns over phosphorus loading, a common driver of freshwater productivity. However, there is considerable uncertainty in the phosphorus load-bloom relationship, because of other biophysical factors that influence bloom size, and because the observed bloom size is not necessarily the t...

An active distribution network is an important development trend of the power grid with widespread use distributed generation. The reliability not negligible due to uninterruptible supply. In paper, evaluation method proposed in detail, based on combining roulette wheel selection and sequential Monte Carlo algorithm. uncertainty both generation load taken into consideration probability working ...

There is very little theory developed for the calculation of the Transmission Reliability Margin (TRM) in the Available Transfer Capability (ATC) computation of electric power systems. This paper proposes and evaluates several different approaches to the calculation of TRM. The TRM is supposed to account for uncertainty in the operating conditions used in computing Total Transfer Capability (TT...

Abstract We consider a worst-case robust topology optimization problem under load uncertainty, which can be formulated as minimization of the maximum eigenvalue symmetric matrix. The objective function is nondifferentiable where multiplicity eigenvalues occurs. Nondifferentiability often causes some numerical instabilities in an algorithm such oscillation generated sequence and convergence to n...

Residual impedance correction in impedance analyzers when using an asymmetrical test fixture needs three reference measurements, usually open circuit, short circuit, and load (meaning an impedance close to the impedance under test). This paper provides an uncertainty estimate for impedance measurements that apply a simple open/short correction in spite of using an asymmetrical test fixture. Exp...