In this study, the local scour around tripods in random waves is numerically investigated. The seabed-tripod-fluid numerical model with an RNG k−ε turbulence built and validated. Following that, characteristics flow velocity distribution are analyzed using present model. Finally, a revised stochastic proposed to predict equilibrium depth, Seq, waves. results indicate that capable of depicting p...

An experimental approach was carried out to study the time development and extension of scouring around a circular pier protected by a collar. The experiments included the study of scouring around an unprotected pier as well as the pier protected with collars located at different levels. Width of collars was 3 times the pier diameter. It was found that with collars, though the scour depth and t...

Failures of barrages or regulators or parts of them may be expected when excessive scour patterns are observed downstream of such structures. Severe and excessive scour may be largely due to unsymmetric operation of gates especially when a multi-vents barrages or regulator is being considered. Previous investigations proved that the scour patterns downstream hydraulic structures are functions o...

I . Piglets were left to suckle their dam for about z days after birth to obtain colostrum and were then divided into four groups. One group was left with the sow, the second was given a standard liquid diet based on cow’s milk, the third the standard diet with lactic acid added to give a pH of 4.8, and the fourth the standard diet with the casein content increased by 50 yo. Stomach samples wer...