Abstract The effects of orbital forcing on the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) after mid-Pleistocene transition are controversial. Chinese cave δ18O records only show low-latitude ∼20 k.y. cycles, while pedogenic proxy from loess dominated by highlatitude 100 cycles. This discrepancy may result multicomponent origin proxies, particularly for signals in deposits, where primary climatic modified...

Tree-ring samples from Chinese Pine (Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.) collected at Mt. Shimen on the western Loess Plateau, China, were used to reconstruct the mean May-July temperature during AD 1630-2011. The regression model explained 48% of the adjusted variance in the instrumentally observed mean May-July temperature. The reconstruction revealed significant temperature variations at interannual ...