Nilsson's Probabilistic Logic is a set theoretic mechanism for reasoning with uncertainty. We propose a new way of looking at the probability constraints enforced by the framework, which allows the expert to include conditional probabilities in the semantic tree, thus making Probabilistic Logic more expressive. An algorithm is presented which will find the maximum entropy point probability for ...

the development of multiple criteria decision making techniques is to provide the possibility of using multiple criteria in decision making problems. multi-criteria decision making problems primarily relate to choosing the best option among several available options and according to some indicators. one of the major issues in this regard is to determine the importance weights of decision criter...

In this paper, we discuss different models for human logic systems and describe a game with nature. Gödel‘s incompleteness theorem is taken into account to construct a model of logical networks based on axioms obtained by symmetry breaking. These classical logic networks are then coupled using rules that depend on whether two networks contain axioms or anti-axioms. The social lattice of axiom b...

We initiate the study of weak containment and weak equivalence for μ-stationary actions for a given countable group G endowed with a generating probability measure μ. We show that Furstenberg entropy is a stable weak equivalence invariant, and furthermore is a continuous affine map on the space of stable weak equivalence classes. We prove the same for the associated stationary random subgroup (...

A probability distribution can be given to the set of isomorphism classes of models with universe {1, . . . , n} of a sentence (i.e. closed formula) in first-order logic. We study the entropy of this distribution and derive a result from the 0-1 law for first-order sentences.

Probabilistfc logic has been discussed in a recent paper by N. Nilsson [12]. An ·entailment scheme is proposed which can predict the probability of an event when the probabilities of certain other connected events are known. This scheme involves the use of a maximum entropy method proposed by P. Cheeseman in [3]. The model uses vectors which represent certain possible states of the world. Only ...

We delineate a theory of communicative acts as situated actions, through which agents co-construct a viable situation by creating or otherwise manipulating deontic affordances. We rely on Gilbert’s theory of plural subjects to introduce the concept of joint meaning as a type of joint commitment. We then show that our approach allows for an innovative treatment of indirect speech.

Abstract: Fuzzy multiple criteria decision-making (FMCDM) methods are techniques of finding the trade-off option out of all feasible alternatives that are characterized by multiple criteria and where data cannot be measured precisely, but can be represented, for instance, by ordered fuzzy numbers (OFNs). One of the main steps in FMCDM methods consist in finding the appropriate criteria weights....

In probabilistic logic programming, given a query, either a probability interval or a precise probability obtained by using the maximum entropy principle is returned for the query. The former can be noninformative (e.g., interval [0, 1]) and the reliability of the latter is questionable when the priori knowledge is imprecise. To address this problem, in this paper, we propose some methods to qu...

What is the relationship between plausibility logic and the principle of maximum entropy? When does the principle give unreasonable or wrong results? When is it appropriate to use the rule ‘expectation = average’? Can plausibility logic give the same answers as the principle, and better answers if those of the principle are unreasonable? To try to answer these questions, this study offers a num...