According to the Model of Human Occupation (MOHO), beliefs regarding competency can influence whether a person's occupational role behavior is adaptive or maladaptive. Such beliefs are considered to be part of a person's sense of "personal causation." This article reviews some of the theoretical underpinnings of the personal causation construct. Issues addressed are the distinction between comp...

A quite popular approach to solving the Causal Exclusion Problem is to adopt a counterfactual theory of causation. In this paper, I distinguish three versions of the Causal Exclusion Argument. I argue that the counterfactualist approach can block the first two exclusion arguments, because the Causal Inheritance Principle and the Upward Causation Principle upon which the two arguments are based ...

All Indigenous communities in Australia have a common heritage of loss. Indigenous death rates are much higher than those for white Australians. Indigenous people use healthcare services reluctantly, and palliative care services rarely. Cultural considerations that need to be respected include Indigenous understandings of disease causation, attributions of blame for sickness, the performance of...

This article investigates the long ‒term and short interactions between crude oil products export, consumer market, retail trade, public catering, paid services trade turnover per person of population in Azerbaijan using annual data from 1997 to 2021. In this research, ARDL model was used assess co ‒integration relationships. addition, study FMOLS, DOLS, CCR equations explore coefficients varia...

As the largest organ of the body, intact skin is vital for life. The functions of the integumentary system include protection, excretion, body temperature regulation, cutaneous sensation, vitamin D synthesis and blood reservoir ( Marieb 1989 ). Total skin loss is incompatible with life, as with large percentage surface area burns. Skin defects due to trauma may require surgery, the options vary...

The excess lung cancer risk from smoking declines with time quit, but the shape of the decline has never been precisely modelled, or meta-analyzed. From a database of studies of at least 100 cases, we extracted 106 blocks of RRs (from 85 studies) comparing current smokers, former smokers (by time quit) and never smokers. Corresponding pseudo-numbers of cases and controls (or at-risk) formed the...