In most applied cost–benefit analyses, individual willingness to pay (WTP) is aggregated without using explicit welfare weights. This can be justified by postulating a utilitarian social welfare function along with the assumption of equal marginal utility of income for all individuals. However, since marginal utility is a cardinal concept, there is no generally accepted way to verify the plausi...

We consider an M/M/1 queueing system with inventory under the (r,Q) policy and with lost sales, in which demands occur according to a Poisson process and service times are exponentially distributed. All arriving customers during stockout are lost. We derive the stationary distributions of the joint queue length (number of customers in the system) and on-hand inventory when lead times are random...

This paper deals with inventory sharing in the context of a decentralized supply chain. The chain consists manufacturer who distributes set products through network independents Points Sale (POS). primary decision each player has to make is optimize its service level while maintaining minimum total cost. POS share their allowing transshipment enhance ability face demand and avoid shortages. pro...

OBJECTIVE To examine the feasibility of using point-of-sale data to assess dietary quality of food sales in remote stores. DESIGN A multi-site cross-sectional assessment of food and nutrient composition of food sales. Point-of-sale data were linked to Australian Food and Nutrient Data and compared across study sites and with nutrient requirements. SETTING Remote Aboriginal Australia. SUBJ...

eXecutive summary Statistics show that on average, consumers are hesitant to try new dairy products, making it challenging for producers to introduce new offerings successfully. Helping turn this around, the intelligent shelf solution provides eye-catching digital graphic displays right next to products, which increases awareness of new products and encourages consumers to try them. The solutio...

this systematic review intended to combine factors associated with tuberculosis treatment non-adherence and lost to follow up among tb patients with/without hiv in developing countries. comprehensive remote electronic databases (medline, (pmc, pub med central), google scholar and web of science) search was conducted using the following keywords: tuberculosis, treatment, compliance, adherence, d...

The penetration of bank accounts among the • population. The weak business case for deploying a • sufficiently dense network of acceptance terminals (automated teller machines [ATMs] or point-of-sale [POS] devices) in environments with low economic activity or population density. The cost of communications underpinning the • real-time authorization of payments, in markets with limited communica...

W introduce and analyze a model that explicitly considers the timing effect of intertemporal pricing— the concept, found in practice, that demand during a sale is increasing in the time since the last sale. We present structural results that characterize the interaction between the decision to hold a sale and the inventory-ordering decision. We show that the optimal inventory-ordering policy is...