1 Entomological Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan 2 University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan ABSTRACT. A study was conducted at the Eco-toxicology laboratory in the Department of Agricultural Entomology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, against three species Apis florea, A. dorsata and A. mellifera of honey bees, to check long-term surviv...

Thermal physiology of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) is a critical aspect of field performance and fitness. Thermal limits for survival and activity, and the ability of these limits to adjust (i.e., show phenotypic flexibility) depending on recent thermal history, are generally poorly established, especially for non-model nematode species. Here we report the acute thermal limits for survival,...

This paper deals with the hyperstructures called Hv-modules. The main tools concerning the class of Hv-modules with the ordinary modules are the fundamental relations. The fundamental relations in Hv -modules and fuzzy Hv-submodules are studied in this paper. In particular, the product structure of fuzzy sets on Hv-modules is studied.

Bioassays were carried out in the laboratory to determine the virulence of two Beauveria bassiana indigenous isolates on the greater wax moth Galleria mellonella. LC50 and LT50 values were taken as indices for the efficacy of fungal isolates, designated as Bb1 and Bb2, collected from Ismailia governorate in Egypt and isolated from soil and trap larvae of G. mellonella, respectively. The larvae ...

BACKGROUND The role of enterococci in the pathogenesis of polymicrobial infections is still debated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of virulent enterococci in the presence or absence of Escherichia coli strains in the in vivo Caenorhabditis elegans model. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS This study demonstrated that there was a synergistic effect on virulence when an association of en...

We conducted this study to investigate the efficacy of herbal essential oils from 12 species of Zingiberaceae plants to determine their larvicidal and pupicidal activity against fourth instar larvae and pupae of Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes. Probit analysis was used to analyze the data. Larval mortality was recorded at 1, 5, 10, 15, 30 and 60 minutes and 24 hours. Pupal m...