The essential role of calcium in the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) has been well established. In particular, calcium influx via the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor (NMDAR) is important for LTP induction in many pathways. However, the specific roles of other calcium sources in hippocampal LTP are less clear. The aim of the present study was to determine the appropriate condition...

Long-term potentiation (LTP) in nociceptive spinal pathways shares several features with hyperalgesia and has been proposed to be a cellular mechanism of pain amplification in acute and chronic pain states. Spinal LTP is typically induced by noxious input and has therefore been hypothesized to contribute to acute postoperative pain and to forms of chronic pain that develop from an initial painf...

Use-dependent long-term potentiation of synaptic strength (LTP) is an intensively studied model for learning and memory in vertebrates. Induction of LTP critically depends on the stimulation parameters of presynaptic fibres with synchronous high-frequency bursts being most effective at many central synapses. It is, however, not known whether naturally occurring discharge patterns may induce LTP...

Induction of hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) requires activation of Ca 2 /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), whereas maintenance of LTP additionally requires protein synthesis. We recently reported that CaMKII stimulates protein synthesis in depolarized hippocampal neurons through phosphorylation of the mRNA translation factor cytoplasmic polyadenylation elementbinding pr...

We studied the temporal and spatial pattern of lipid transfer protein (LTP) gene expression, as well as the localization of this protein, in maize. Using an LTP gene, we observed an accumulation of LTP mRNA in embryos and endosperms during seed maturation. LTP gene expression was also investigated in young seedlings. After germination, the level of LTP mRNA in the coleoptile increased, with a m...

Long-term potentiation (LTP) requires postsynaptic depolarization that can result from EPSPs paired with action potentials or larger EPSPs that trigger dendritic spikes. We explored the relative contribution of these sources of depolarization to LTP induction during synaptically driven action potential firing in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. Pairing of a weak test input with a strong input...

Nitric oxide (NO) has been implicated in hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP), but LTP is normal in mice with a targeted mutation in the neuronal form of NO synthase (nNOS-). LTP was also normal in mice with a targeted mutation in endothelial NOS (eNOS-), but LTP in stratum radiatum of CA1 was significantly reduced in doubly mutant mice (nNOS-/eNOS-). By contrast, LTP in stratum oriens was ...

The aim of this project was to elucidate how different drugs (protein synthesis inhibitors, enzyme inhibitors and enzyme activators) affect the late phase of LTP (long-term potentiation). The hippocampus from 2-3 week old rats was cut into 400 μm thick slices, which were then incubated in an oxygenated artificial cerebrospinal fluid, containing essential ions and glucose. A stable baseline of f...

Long-term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic transmission represents the cellular basis of learning and memory. Astrocytes have been shown to regulate synaptic transmission and plasticity. However, their involvement in specific physiological processes that induce LTP in vivo remains unknown. Here we show that in vivo cholinergic activity evoked by sensory stimulation or electrical stimulation of th...

In the present in vitro study of rat brain, we report that transient oxygen and glucose deprivation (in vitro ischaemia) induced a post-ischaemic long-term synaptic potentiation (i-LTP) at corticostriatal synapses. We compared the physiological and pharmacological characteristics of this pathological form of synaptic plasticity with those of LTP induced by tetanic stimulation of corticostriatal...