Variations of excitatory and inhibitory conductances determine the membrane potential (V(m)) activity of neurons, as well as their spike responses, and are thus of primary importance. Methods to estimate these conductances require clamping the cell at several different levels of V(m), thus making it impossible to estimate conductances from "single trial" V(m) recordings. We present here a new m...

Terrestrial habitats surrounding isolated wetlands are a critical resource for many pond-breeding amphibian species, yet few studies have examined the terrestrial distribution of post-metamorphic juveniles and adults. We used an encircling drift fence at a breeding pond in conjunction with partial fences at 90, 172, and 332 m from the wetland to estimate the terrestrial distribution of adult ma...

[1] This study integrates global data sets for aerosols, cloud physical properties, and shortwave radiation fluxes with a Monte Carlo Aerosol-Cloud-Radiation (MACR) model to estimate both the surface and the top-of-atmosphere (TOA) solar radiation budget as well as atmospheric column solar absorption. The study also quantifies the radiative forcing of aerosols and that of clouds. The observatio...

The use of remote sensing techniques as a suitable solution to estimate the levels of species diversity is of high importance for the sustainable management of forests. In order to investigate the potential of using sensor data from Landsat 7 ETM+ to estimate species diversity in the Zagros forests, digital data related to the August 7, 2002 from forests in the Qalajeh Kermanshah Province were ...

Given an integer n ≥ 2, let p m (n) denote the middle prime factor of n. We obtain an estimate for the sum of the reciprocals of p m (n) for n ≤ x.

We report the current status of ∆m d measurements at B-factories. The most recent world average is ∆m d = 0.502 ± 0.007 ps −1 (1.4% accuracy). An estimate of the errors for 500 fb −1 data is also given.

Since the report of the SAMPLE Collaboration suggesting the strange-quark contribution to the nucleon, G M (0), may be greater than zero, numerous models have appeared supporting positive values for G M (0). In this paper the bizarre physics associated with G M (0) > 0 is illustrated. Using new lattice QCD results, our best estimate for G M (0) shifts slightly from G M (0) = −0.75 ± 0.30 μN , t...