Online reviews are changing the way that consumers shop and firms respond to consumer feedback. Viewed more broadly, online a type of information flow altering functioning marketing systems at micro, meso, macro levels. A systematic review past two decades research shows great attention impact on flows, as well nuances micro-and meso-level efficiency outcomes. However, there is scant considerat...

The dawn of electronic business (e-business) changed the way that individuals interact not only with one another but also companies supply them goods and services, as well government agencies on which they depend for welfare security. We can speak “digital business” (re)design or (re)definition new existing models, creation increased flows connectivity between customers other entities, both int...

The limitations of complexity theorizing in project studies are traced back to simplistic and reductionist strategies. This article offers pragmatist recommendations develop strong strategies organized a triad: orders (degree recursiveness the process), levels (interactions between micro, meso, macro loci analysis), integration brought together recursive relationship co-construction. We offer f...

Uncertainty Quantification (UQ) for fluid mixing depends on the length scales for observation: macro, meso and micro, each with its own UQ requirements. New results are presented here for macro and micro observables. For the micro observables, recent theories argue that convergence of numerical simulations in Large Eddy Simulations (LES) should be governed by space-time dependent probability di...

In the modern economy, innovation has become an important determinant of economic growth and sustainable development, so need to evaluate effectiveness transfer is increasing. The aim work develop approach evaluation at macro, meso micro levels national economies. paper also reveals differences in processes knowledge spillover within systems different levels; as well it assesses based on data f...

The aim of this study was to explore the benefits of information and communication technologies (ICT)-based services for informal carers and paid assistants of older people living in the community. We cross-case analysed the effects of twelve initiatives in the EU, the USA and Canada, based on their individual analysis documented through interviews with promoters and a literature review. We car...

Purpose. The aim of the article is to improve methodological approach diagnosis processes formation and sustainable development a smart city, in particular, logical structural this process. Methodology research. study uses generally accepted methods economics: monographic, theoretical comparative analysis – reveal conceptual foundations city; synthesis, system structural, abstract logical, stat...

Little is known about the association between structural gender inequality and health in patriarchal China. This study employed a sample from Chinese Women’s Social Status, consisting of 26,139 participants aged 18 70 years (13,494 women 12,645 men). Structural was assessed at macro-, meso-, micro-levels. Mental measured by summed scores eight questions on depressive symptoms. Multilevel linear...