We give an update on the worldwide spoligotype database, which now contains 3,319 spoligotype patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in 47 countries, with 259 shared types, i.e., identical spoligotypes shared by two or more patient isolates. The 259 shared types contained a total of 2,779 (84%) of all the isolates. Seven major genetic groups represented 37% of all clustered isolates. Two types ...

The current state of energy efficiency in the consumption various types carriers branches economy Ukraine is analyzed. During analysis, factors affecting reduction higher education institutions were identified, using example National University Bioresources and Nature Management Ukraine. Among main ones that require research, we can single out, first all, insufficient attention to issues promot...