Three randomised controlled trials consistently show that medically performed male circumcision can reduce the acquisition of HIV infection in men by at least 50%.1 2 3 In east Africa and southern Africa—where rates of new HIV infections are high and circumcision rates are low— modelling studies estimate that circumcision could reduce the incidence of HIV in men by 50-60%.4 5 Clearly, the size ...

Galatians . refers to Paul ‘proclaiming circumcision’—a proposition that he is concerned to refute because he constructs two compact but powerful inferences designed to falsify it. One argues from present persecution, the other from the cross. Following a precise reconstruction of these it can be shown that the three main previous interpretations of the reference of Paul’s ‘proclamation of c...

Infant circumcision has recently attracted controversy with professional groups recommending it and various individuals trying to criminalize it. Circumcision is beneficial in the prevention of certain diseases, causing minimal tangible harm to those circumcised. This article argues that government should affirmatively adopt policies tolerating minority practices. Such activities should be bann...

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AIM To establish clinical opinion regarding appropriate indications for circumcision and to examine actual clinical practice. METHODS A questionnaire was sent to all NHS hospital consultants in the Yorkshire region of the UK identified as having a role to play in the management of boys (under 16 years of age) requiring circumcision. Retrospective data on actual clinical practice during a thre...

Kebaabetswe et al obviously believe the conventional wisdom that heterosexual sex is the major vector for the transmission/ reception of HIV, and that male circumcision is an effective deterrent to infection. Based on that belief, they have constructed an elaborate and impressive study of the acceptability of circumcision as a prophylactic measure in Botswana. Furthermore, they argue for a prog...

OBJECTIVE The current study sought to investigate parental attitudes about circumcision and their satisfaction with the decision. METHODOLOGY Parents of boys (6 months to 36 months old) in 3 different practices filled out a questionnaire while waiting for their child's well-child examination. RESULTS A total of 149 families were surveyed. Families (68) who did not have their sons circumcise...

OBJECTIVE We determined the relation between newborn circumcision and both invasive penile cancer (IPC) and carcinoma in situ (CIS) among adult male members of a large health maintenance organization. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Circumcision status was ascertained by a combination of pathology reports, medical record review, and questionnaires for 213 adult male members of a large prepaid health pla...