The effect of the mobile phase pH on the control of the electrostatic interaction was evaluated on a column packed with water-holding adsorbent on which diallylamine-maleic acid copolymers were immobilizing. The adsorbent showed extraordinary retention behaviors of water-soluble solutes under acidic conditions, however, their behavior became stable along with increasing pH. Hydrating water cont...

Fungal maleidrides are an important family of bioactive secondary metabolites that consist of 7, 8, or 9-membered carbocycles with one or two fused maleic anhydride moieties. The biosynthesis of byssochlamic acid (a nonadride) and agnestadride A (a heptadride) was investigated through gene disruption and heterologous expression experiments. The results reveal that the precursors for cyclization...