In vitro maturation (IVM) is emerging as a popular technology at the forefront of fertility treatment and preservation. However, standard in vitro culture conditions usually increase reactive oxygen species (ROS), which have been implicated as one of the major causes for reduced embryonic developmental competence. It is well-known that higher than physiological levels of ROS triggers granulosa ...

The respiratory tract contains numerous peptides secreted from special pulmonary epithelial cells whichare called endocrine cells. The function of neuroendocrine cells is modulated by amines. Serotonin has strong vasomotor and bronchomotor effects in the airway mucosa. The objective of this study was to determine presence and distribution of serotonin-positive endocrine cells in respiratory tra...

The mammalian radiation has corresponded with rapid changes in noncoding regions of the genome, but we lack a comprehensive understanding of regulatory evolution in mammals. Here, we track the evolution of promoters and enhancers active in liver across 20 mammalian species from six diverse orders by profiling genomic enrichment of H3K27 acetylation and H3K4 trimethylation. We report that rapid ...

S100B is a neurotrophic protein detectable in biological fluids and in human milk. Since there are several maternal-neonatal conditions requiring the administration of animal milks the aim of the present study was to quantify S100B in milk from different mammalian species and to compare protein's concentration among human and mammalian milks. We assessed S100B concentrations in donkey (n=12), g...

Chicken egg yolk antibodies (IgY) against camel immunoglobulins were generated and their specificity was shown by double immunodiffusion, immunoelectrophoresis, and Western blotting. Anti camel antibodies specifically react to camel antibodies in immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis were demonstrated. Western blotting revealed that IgY antibodies recognize the heavy chain in a number of ma...

The impacts of introduced mammalian predators on the viability of bird populations in forest, river and coastal habitats in New Zealand are well known. However, a common understanding of their impacts in freshwater wetlands is lacking. We review evidence for impacts of introduced mammalian predators on freshwater birds, particularly specialist species restricted to wetlands, and use this inform...

In October 2004, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS) organized a workshop in Kyoto Japan to outline the fundamental aspects and future directions of the then emerging science of “Toxicogenomics.” The output of this three-day meeting was summarized in the Report of the OECD/IPCS workshop on Toxicogenomics (OE...

Assisted reproductive techniques (gamete cryopreservation, artificial insemination, embryo transfer, and in vitro fertilization) allow to propagate small fragmented populations of wild endangered species or domestic breeds. There are the best way for producing several offspring from selected genitors in order to avoid inbreeding depression. However, few mammalian species have been well studied ...

the use of low level laser to reduce pain, inflammation and edema, to promote wound, deeper tissues and nerves healing, and to prevent tissue damage has been known for almost forty years since the invention of lasers. this review will cover some of the proposed cellular mechanisms responsible for the effect of visible light on mammalian cells, including cytochrome c oxidase (with absorption pea...

Olfaction enables most mammalian species to detect and discriminate vast numbers of chemical structures called odorants and pheromones. The perception of such chemical compounds is mediated via two major olfactory systems,the main olfactory system and the vomeronasal system, as well as minor systems, such as the septal organ and the Grueneberg ganglion. Distinct differences exist not only among...